SUBSTANCE WRITING || NCERT CLASS 10, 11,12 ||
SUBSTANCE WRITING.|| WHAT IS SUBSTANCE WRITING AND HOW A SUBSTANCE IS WRITTEN.
Substance writing is a kind of spot composition. It depends on the students comprehension andcreative skill. The very first point on the part of the writer is that s/he should be able to understand and write English properly. Without having any knowledge of English language or grammar like tense, substance writing is quite impossible. Very often it is seen that some students are encouraged to cram or by heart substance but it is a wrong method. Unless one understands the gist or summary of the passage (given passage or question of substance) one cannot attempt to solve it. Again there is not any easy or short cut way to do so. Hence. it is very important that one who wants to attempt to write the substance of a passage, should understand and remember all necessary points in this regard and continue with a long time practice so as to attain perfection gradually.
IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER REGARDING SUBSTANCE WRITING::
1. Read the given passage 0nce, twice or thrice.
2. Try to understand the key points/ gist or summary of the passage.
3.Thereafter, thing and re-think over the key points.
4.Arrange a new concise answer (one-third of of the given question).
5. Start writing keeping close link among the sentences.
6. Omit unnecessary details, use indirect speech.
7. Avoid 1st person pronouns like I, we. our, my etc.
8. Remember length of the answer. It should one third of the question.
9. Substance does not require a Title.
NOTE:: Remember that every passage contains some keywords which are to be found out and then arrange the answer passage afresh.
Example:
Exercise:1
The achievement of science in the 20th century have been very great. Its influence can be left in every sphere of our lives. From the small pin to huge iron sheets, most of the things we need for our everyday use come out of factories where scientific tools are utilized for practical ends. Science has enabled men to bring forces to nature under control and to use them for his own advantage. It has brought the distant parts of the world closer. Our knowledge of the universe has been much widened on account of the continuous efforts of astronomers. Remarkably, cures of fatal diseases has been possible due to the discovery of some wonderful medicines.
Answer:
Science has made great progress in the 20th century life style. Most of the things of our daily use, big or small are scientifically produced. Science has given us control over nature. It has increased our knowledge to make this world a small platform . Even human beings succeeded in defeating fatal diseases by virtue of scientific tools today.
Exercise :2
The true gentleman is of o rank or class. He may be a cultivator or a noble man. Gentle men never show that they are tolerant, civil, sincere and punctual. One may find politeness in the tent of the Arab or in the cottage of the cultivator. Riches and rank have no necessary connection with the gentleness in word and spirit. He may be honest, upright, truthful, self respecting and courageous. The poor man with a rich spirit is always superior to the rich man with a poor spirit.
Answer:
A true gentleman may be anyone. Such a man has no rank or class. s/he may be a cultivator or a noble man. All gentle, civil, tolerant, amiable, virtuous persons are true gentleman. True gentlemen do not hanker after rich, rank, power or pelf. They are basically upright, respecting, courageous, and self-
helping.
Exercise:3
Much of the happiness or purity of our lives depend on our wise choice of our companions and friends. If wrongly chosen they would certainly drag us down, but if well, they will raise us up, yet people leave the selection of our friends to chance, though in the choice of a dog or a horse, they exercise the greatest care. It is well and right to be courteous to everyone with whom we come into contact, but to choose a good friend is quite a different matter.
Answer:
Friends and companions bring happiness, solace and purity to our lives. Hence to choose a friend one should take utmost care. But, by mistake if we select a bad friend, we may be ruined. Whereas choosing a good friend is always rewarding. In this respect we should remember the saying, "A friend in deed is a friend in need."
Exercise - 4.
Real heroes are those whom the world knows not of the work among the distressed and the sufferers.They do not expect any reward from them. They are moved by the sufferings of others and their main object is to relieve of their sufferings. They selflessly work with love and utmost care. They never hanker after fame, wealth or any other property. They work and die for others, but no stones are raised to mark their graves. No poet sings in their praise. Such heroes live unknown and die unwept. they are unrewarded and unsung., but they are the real gems of the nation.
Answer:
The real assets of a country are the persons who are known for their great works. They themselves never want any reward. They work with dedication for the country's sake They even die for the country without any material gain. They never think of their comfort, rather they live for others comfort.
Exercise:-5.
One day Gautama Buddha saw an old man bent with age and another day he saw a dead body. He asked his servant about this. The servant told him that everybody should grow old and die one day. Buddha became very sad to know this. He thought what is the use of human life. After a period of time, he became dissatisfied with his happy life in the Royal palace. Finally when he was 19 years old, he decided to go out of his home. One night he left his royal palace when everybody was asleep. He wondered into the forest and decided to stay there and find out the truth about human life.
Answer:
Death is common to all. In any stage or at any time man may die. Hearing this Lord Buddha became very sad. He felt dissatisfied at his comfortable life in the royal palace. Finally in quest of the reality of human life he left the palace and wondered into the forest in search of the real truth of life.