Class 10 English: Coorg (Glimpses of India) Complete Guide & Important Questions

Class 10 English: Coorg (Glimpses of India) Complete Guide & Important Questions

   May 16, 2026       RSC

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR:    

Lokesh Abrol is a multifaceted personality—a renowned medical doctor by profession, an active social worker, and a passionate traveler who loves writing. In his beautifully crafted travelogue "Coorg", he uses his keen sense of observation to vividly capture the essence of the region. His writing style is engaging and highly descriptive, bringing to life the breathtaking landscapes, rich cultural heritage, unique traditions, and wildlife of this beautiful place.

ABOUT THE LASSON

"Coorg" is a fascinating travelogue from Chapter 7, Glimpses of India. The lesson takes us on a journey to Kodagu, the smallest district of Karnataka, famously known as the "Scotland of India." It beautifully highlights the region’s rolling hills, evergreen rainforests, spice plantations, and coffee estates. The narrative also celebrates the fierce independence and legendary bravery of the Coorgi people, alongside the diverse wildlife thriving in the Kaveri river ecosystem.

THINKING ABOUT THE TEXT (NCERT EXERCISE)

Q.1. Where is Coorg? 

Ans— Coorg, or Kodagu, is the smallest district of Karnataka. It is beautifully situated midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore.

Q.2. What is the story about the Kodavu people’s descent? 

Ans— There are two distinct stories regarding their descent:

• Greek Origin: According to one legend, a part of Alexander’s army moved south along the coast. When their return became impractical, they settled here and married locals. Their martial traditions, marriage rituals, and religious customs reflect this heritage.

• Arab Origin: The theory of Arab origin draws support from the kuppia, the traditional long, black coat with an embroidered waist belt worn by the Kodavus. It closely resembles the kuffia worn by the Arabs and the Kurds.

Q.3. What are some of the things you now know about:

• (i) the people of Coorg? 

• Ans— They are fiercely independent, brave, and hospitable people consisting of martial men and beautiful women. They are proud of their traditions of courage and are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a license.

• (ii) the main crop of Coorg?

• Ans— Coffee is the main crop of Coorg. During the season, the air carries the refreshing aroma of coffee, and coffee estates dot the landscape.

• (iii) the sports it offers to tourists? 

• Ans— Coorg offers high-energy adventure sports like river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing, and mountain biking, as well as numerous scenic trekking trails.

• (iv) the animals you are likely to see in Coorg? 

• Ans— You are likely to see Macaques, Malabar squirrels, langurs, slender lorises, wild elephants, kingfishers, and a large freshwater fish called the Mahaseer.

• (v) its distance from Bangalore, and how to get there? 

• Ans— Coorg is around 250–260 km away from Bangalore. By road, there are two routes: one via Mysore (the most frequented route) and the other via Neelamangal, Kunigal, and Chanrayanapatna.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 MARKS EACH)

Q.1. Where is Coorg situated? What kind of place is it?

Ans— Coorg, or Kodagu, is the smallest district of Karnataka, situated midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore. It is a beautiful land of rolling hills, famous for its evergreen rainforests, rich spices, and vast coffee plantations.

Q.2. What is the story regarding the Greek origin of the Kodavu people?

Ans— According to local legend, a part of Alexander’s army moved south along the coast and settled in Coorg when their return became impractical. These people married amongst the locals, and their distinct culture is still visible in their martial traditions, marriage rituals, and religious customs.

Q.3. What is 'Kuppia' and how does it link the Coorgis to Arabs?

Ans— 'Kuppia' is the traditional long, black coat worn by the Kodavus, which features an embroidered waist belt. It closely resembles the 'Kuffia' worn by the Arabs and the Kurds, suggesting that the Coorgi people might have Arab origins.

Q.4. Describe the wildlife found in and around the Kaveri river in Coorg.

Ans— The fresh waters of the Kaveri river abound with Mahaseer, a large freshwater fish. Visitors can also spot kingfishers diving for their catch, while squirrels and langurs playfully drop half-eaten fruit into the clear water. Elephants thoroughly enjoy being bathed and scrubbed in the river by their mahouts.

 (4-5 MARKS EACH)

Q.5. Why is Coorg a popular destination for adventure sports and nature lovers?

Ans— Coorg is a paradise for adventure seekers and nature enthusiasts alike. The rugged landscape offers numerous high-energy adventure sports such as river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing, and mountain biking. For those who prefer walking, the region is full of scenic trekking trails.

Additionally, a climb up the Brahmagiri hills rewards visitors with a stunning panoramic view of the entire mist-covered valley of Coorg. Nearby attractions, like the sixty-four-acre island of Nisargadhama reached via a rope bridge and the large Tibetan settlement at Bylakuppe, add immense value for travelers looking to explore nature and culture.

Q.6. Comment on the culture, bravery, and traditions of the people of Coorg.

Ans— The people of Coorg are fiercely independent and known for their legendary bravery and warm hospitality. They are a race of martial men and beautiful women with a proud tradition of courage. This is why the Coorg Regiment is one of the most decorated regiments in the Indian Army, and the first Chief of the Indian Army, General Cariappa, was a Coorgi. Furthermore, the Kodavus are the only citizens in India permitted to carry firearms without a license, highlighting the deep trust and honor associated with their community.

MCQ WITH ANSWER

1. Coorg is famously known as the:

• A) Switzerland of India

• B) Scotland of India

• C) Paradise of Lakes

• D) Land of Waterfalls

  Ans— B) Scotland of India

2. Which is the main crop grown extensively in Coorg?

• A) Tea

• B) Rice

• C) Coffee

• D) Spices

  Ans— C) Coffee

3. The traditional long black coat worn by the Kodavus is called:

• A) Kuffia

• B) Kuppia

• C) Kurta

• D) Kabai

  Ans— B) Kuppia

4. According to the text, the Coorgi people are possibly of which descent?

• A) French or Italian

• B) Greek or Arab

• C) British or Portuguese

• D) German or Dutch

  Ans— B) Greek or Arab

5. Which river obtains its water from the hills and forests of Coorg?

• A) Krishna

• B) Godavari

• C) Kaveri

• D) Narmada

  Ans— C) Kaveri

6. Who was General Cariappa?

• A) A famous writer from Coorg

• B) The first Chief of the Indian Army

• C) A local political leader

• D) The king of Kodagu

  Ans— B) The first Chief of the Indian Army

7. What is the name of the large freshwater fish found in the waters of Coorg?

• A) Rohu

• B) Mahaseer

• C) Catfish

• D) Salmon

  Ans— B) Mahaseer

8. Which island can be reached in Coorg by crossing a rope bridge?

• A) Bylakuppe

• B) Mangalore

• C) Nisargadhama

• D) Mysore

  Ans— C) Nisargadhama

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The Adventure of Toto, Class 9, NCERT Question Answer

The Adventure of Toto, Class 9, NCERT Question Answer

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ABOUT THE LESSON

 In "The Adventure of Toto" by Ruskin Bond, the narrator describes the humorous yet chaotic experiences of his grandfather, an animal lover who buys a mischievous monkey named Toto for five rupees. Toto’s bright eyes and pearly teeth hide a wildly destructive nature; he shreds curtains, tears wallpaper, and even nearly boils himself alive.

The text highlights the central theme that wild animals are often unsuitable as domestic pets. Despite Grandfather's patience and affection, Toto’s frequent tantrums and the financial loss he causes—through broken dishes and ruined clothes—eventually force the family to realize that he cannot be tamed. The story concludes with Toto being sold back to his original owner, underscoring the necessity of letting wild creatures live in their natural or appropriate environments.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Ruskin Bond is an eminent Indian author of British descent, widely regarded as one of the most beloved icons of contemporary Indian literature. Born in 1934 in Kasauli, he has spent most of his life in the serene hills of Mussoorie, which serves as the primary setting for much of his work.

Bond is celebrated for his simple yet evocative prose, often exploring themes of nature, childhood, and the quiet beauty of rural life. His contribution to literature has been recognized with prestigious awards, including the Sahitya Akademi Award, the Padma Shri, and the Padma Bhushan. His writing remains a staple in Indian school curricula, captivating readers with its warmth, wit, and deep empathy for both humans and animals.

1. How does Toto come to grandfather’s private zoo?

Ans- Grandfather saw Toto tied to a tonga-driver's feeding trough. The monkey looked so out of place and miserable there that Grandfather, who had a penchant for collecting unusual pets for his private zoo, decided to buy him for the sum of five rupees.

2. "Toto was a pretty monkey." In what sense is Toto pretty?

Ans--Toto's "prettiness" refers to his physical features that made him look bright and lively: He had bright eyes that sparkled with mischief beneath deep-set eyebrows. His pearly white teeth were often displayed in a smile that frightened elderly Anglo-Indian ladies. His long tail added to his good looks and served as a "third hand," allowing him to hang from branches and scoop up delicacies.

3. How does grandfather take Toto to Saharanpur and how? Why does the ticket collector insist on calling Toto a dog ?

Ans---Toto was too mischievous to stay home; he kept other pets awake and his presence was a secret from Grandmother. Grandfather carried him in a black canvas kit-bag with straw at the bottom. It was strong enough to prevent Toto from biting through or escaping. At Saharanpur station, Toto poked his head out and grinned at the ticket collector, who classified him as a "dog," forcing Grandfather to pay a three-rupee far.

4. How does Toto take a bath? Where has he learned to do this? How does Toto almost boil himself alive?

Ans--Toto takes a bath by first testing the temperature of the water with his hand, then stepping into the tub—one foot first, then the other—until he is neck-deep in water. Once comfortable, he rubs himself all over with soap. 

    He learned this by watching the narrator (the author) performing the same routine. This shows Toto’s keen ability to imitate human behavior. 

    Toto once found a large kitchen kettle left on the fire to boil for tea. Finding the water warm enough for a bath, he got inside, but as the water began to heat up, he was unable to escape. He was saved only when Grandmother arrived and pulled him out of the kettle, just as he was hopping up and down in the near-boiling water.

5. Why does the author say, “Toto was not the sort of pet we could keep for long”?

Ans--Despite Grandfather’s affection for animals, Toto proved to be a heavy liability. He was destructively mischievous, frequently tearing clothes, curtains, and expensive wallpaper. He broke dishes and caused continuous financial loss to the family, which was not wealthy. His presence caused unrest among the other animals in the private zoo. Ultimately, the family realized that his wild instincts outweighed his charm as a pet.

2- marks Question Answer:

1. Why did the author decide to buy Toto ?

Grandfather decided to buy Toto because he felt a deep sense of empathy for the animal. According to the text, he saw the "pretty" monkey kept tied to a tonga-driver's feeding trough, where it looked extremely out of place and miserable. Grandfather, being an avid animal lover with a penchant for adding unusual specimens to his private zoo, felt that the monkey deserved a better home and decided to purchase him for five rupees.

2. Why could not Toto and Nana become friends ?

Ans--Toto and Nana could not become friends because of Toto's persistent mischief and his habit of teasing the other animals. On Toto's first night in the stable, Grandfather found him clinging to Nana’s long ears with his sharp little teeth. Toto’s constant physical harassment and refusal to let the poor donkey eat or rest in peace meant that they "never became friends." Their relationship remained one of the aggressor and the victim, as Toto’s wild instincts were incompatible with Nana’s calm, domestic nature.

3.How does Toto become a problem to grandfather while going to Saharanpur ?

Ans-- Toto’s mischievous nature made him impossible to leave home secretly or with other pets. During the journey, he poked his head out of the bag and grinned at the ticket collector.  The startled official classified Toto as a "dog" because there was no specific fare category for monkeys in the railway rules. As a result, Grandfather was forced to pay a three-rupee fine as a fare for Toto's travel.

4. How did Toto manage to escape from the closet where he was hidden?

Ans— Toto was temporarily hidden in a small closet opening into the narrator’s bedroom wall. To escape, he used his sheer strength and mischievous nature to wrench the peg out of the socket in the wall, tore down the ornamental wallpaper, and shredded the narrator's school blazer into tiny pieces. 

5. Why was Toto’s presence in the house kept a secret from Grandmother?

Ans— Grandmother always fussed and got upset whenever Grandfather brought home a new bird or animal. To avoid her anger and another argument, Grandfather and the narrator decided to keep Toto’s arrival a secret until she was in a particularly good and pleasant mood.

EXTRA QUESTION -ANSWERS (1 mark each)

1. From whom did Grandfather buy Toto and for how much?

Ans— Grandfather bought Toto from a tonga-driver for the sum of five rupees.

2. Why did Grandfather decide to buy the monkey?

Ans— Grandfather decided to buy Toto because the monkey looked miserable tied to a feeding trough, and he wanted to add him to his private zoo.

3. What served as a "third hand" for Toto?

Ans— Toto’s long tail served as a third hand, helping him hang from branches and reach for delicacies.

4. Why was Toto’s presence kept a secret from Grandmother?

Ans— It was kept a secret because Grandmother always fussed and got upset whenever Grandfather brought home a new bird or animal.

5. Where was Toto hidden on his first day in the house?

Ans— He was hidden in a small closet opening into the narrator’s bedroom wall.

6. Who was Nana?

Ans— Nana was the family’s domestic donkey who lived in the stable.

7. How did Grandfather carry Toto to Saharanpur?

Ans— Grandfather carried Toto inside a big, black canvas kit-bag with some straw at the bottom.

8. How much fare did Grandfather have to pay for Toto at the railway station?

Ans— Grandfather had to pay a fare of three rupees for Toto.

9. Why did the ticket collector classify Toto as a dog?

Ans— The ticket collector classified Toto as a dog because there was no specific category or fare rule for monkeys in the railway guidelines.

10. Who finally rescued Toto when he almost boiled himself alive in the kettle?

Ans— Grandmother rescued Toto just as he was hopping up and down in the heating water.

 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 

1. What was the price Grandfather paid to buy Toto from the tonga-driver?

• A) Three rupees

• B) Five rupees

• C) Ten rupees

• D) Two rupees

  Ans— B) Five rupees

2. Toto’s bright eyes sparkled with mischief beneath deep-set:

• A) Wrinkles

• B) Eyebrows

• C) Lashes

• D) Cheeks

  Ans— B) Eyebrows

3. What did Toto do to the narrator's school blazer when he was hidden in the closet?

• A) He hid it under the bed

• B) He wore it

• C) He shredded it into tiny pieces

• D) He threw it out the window

  Ans— C) He shredded it into tiny pieces

4. Why was Toto carried to Saharanpur inside a black canvas kit-bag?

• A) To keep him warm

• B) So that he could sleep peacefully

• C) Because he was too lazy to walk

• D) To prevent him from escaping or biting through

  Ans— D) To prevent him from escaping or biting through

5. How much extra fare did the ticket collector charge Grandfather for Toto?

• A) Five rupees

• B) Three rupees

• C) Four rupees

• D) One rupee

  Ans— B) Three rupees

6. The ticket collector classified Toto as a:

• A) Monkey

• B) Cat

• C) Dog

• D) Bird

  Ans— C) Dog

7. Who was Nana in the story?

        A) The family dog

• B) The narrator's grandmother

• C) The family's domestic donkey

• D) Another mischievous monkey

  Ans— C) The family's domestic donkey

8. From whom did Toto learn the habit of testing the water temperature before taking a bath?

• A) Grandfather

• B) Grandmother

• C) The narrator

• D) The tonga-driver

  Ans— C) The narrator

9. What did Grandmother do when she found Toto hopping up and down in the large kitchen kettle?

• A) She laughed at him

• B) She pulled him out of the kettle

• C) She gave him soap

• D) She turned off the stove

  Ans— B) She pulled him out of the kettle

10. At the end of the story, to whom did Grandfather sell Toto back?

• A) A zoo keeper

• B) A circus manager

• C) The original tonga-driver

• D) One of his neighbors

  Ans— C) The original tonga-driver

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ARTICLE WRITING

ARTICLE WRITING

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What is article writing?

Ans: Article writing is a creative writing.It is a kind of spot composition, where the writer must have arrangement of thought & ability to compose systematically. Article writing, in many a case similar to that of essay writing.

Still, both are different in features.

Sample Articles writing topics::

1) Use of Mobile Phone in Daily Life.

2) Terrorism or Menace of Terrorism

3) Global warming

4) Environment Pollution

4)The Menace of Corruption 

5) Games & Sports 

Answer:

1) Use of Mobile Phone in Daily Life 

Answer: A Mobile phone is an electronic device. It is basically used for communication purposes. Through it we send and receive messages. In today's life it is an integral part of everybody's daily routine.

         Today mobile phone is a  source of storage of data.In fact, it's a all in one handy  storage and also a multipurpose device for everyone.Its at the same time, a calculator, calendar, torch light, TV, Tape recorder, Audio player and what not.

           

        Now a days mobile phones are everywhere and with everyone. Wheatehr in office, market place, hospital, shopping mall, everywhere mobile phones are  carried by almost everyone. 

        Howwvwer with the advent of smart phones, mobile phones have now got new meaning. They are not only means of communication, but also source of information and entertainment.

    Mbile phones help us a lot in our daily life. With the internet enabled mobile phone, we can hire a cab, pay various bills, transfer money, click pictures and take videos etc. Overall, mobile phones are much helpful to save our time and money.

     It must be added that mobile phones are not free from demerits. The under age students should not use multi-media mobile phones. Moreover spending much time in mobile phones emit harmful radiations leading to various diseases.

2) Terrorism or the Menace of Terrorism:

   One of the various threats to the life and property in today's life is terrorism.The act of terrorism is committed by some politically exploited or trackless unemployed youths. The ultimate purpose of terrorism is destruction of human lives and property. 

     Terrorism may be classified into two; positive terrorism and negative terrorism. Sometimes positive terrorism is indulged by politically motivated unemployed youths. Such terrorism has certain objectives. On the other hand, negative terrorism is mainly meant for chaos and  disorder in the society.

    

   Before  our country attained independence, there was positive terrorism. For example, the Indian partiots took to extreme ways to root out the british empire from India. But at present, terrorism is social evil in the sence that it has multi-faceted aspects. In many cases, now terror acts are politically motovated in exchange of money. In fact, terror activities have variety of names and works as well from country to country.

   Overall, terrorism is a social menace.It has ruined coumtless families in our country. National and international laws have been implemented to root it out  but hardly succeeded. Hence, we hope that the entire world would get freedom from terrorism.

3) GLOBAL WARMING

    The rise in the temperature of the  earth's surface as a result of green house efffect is called global warming. It is a global crisis today. 

       As far as the causes of global warming are concerned the following points are to be considered:

A. Deforestation and industrial emission results to an increase of greenhouse gases.

B. The greenhouse gases absorbs atmospheric heat and it increases the intensity of the heat.

C.Increase in the radside vehile and emission of carbon monoxide adds fuel to the globlem of global warming.

     Impact of global warming is widespread. To be frank, the planet earth is burning today.Some major effects of global warming are as follows:

       Climate change: the entire climate across the globe has changed to a great extent today. Even prediction or weather updates in advance many a time fails. Flesh flood, landslide, storm or earthquake destroy lives and property n a great dal.

     Sea level rise: melting of ice sheets in Anterctika, mountain glacier melting, grenland ice sheet melting are common phenomena now a days.

     PREVENTION OF GLOBAL WARMING

 The problem of global warming can be controlled more or less with the help of following steps-

     A) Implementation of law: The govt. Of every country should make law and execute them strictly.

    Besides this, the common masses should take all necessary steps for reduction of thermal power, boost up plantation of trees, adopt reuse, recycle and reduce methos.

4) ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

  Pollution means introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse effect or change. However, environment menas our sorroundings.When different pollutants affect the environment than it is called environment pollution.

      However, environment pollution is a serious threat to pollution of today's world. This is growing worldwide problem. It is an oncontrollable menace or terror since human beings themselves are respomsible for degradation of environment. Man has spoilt the planet through their destructive activities. It is true that man made pollutants have already polutd the air that we breath, the soil that we use, the water that we drink or use.These three types of elements are full of pollution toda, which we call soil pollution, water pollution and ari pollution respectively. 

   However, air polluton is caused by various harmful gases or smoke emitted by industies, factories, vehicles etc.

   Similarly, water pollution is mainly caused by industrial wastes, insecticides and presticides applied to the soil and later go to the law areas in the form of water.

     Soil pollution is the result of acid rain, polluted water and verious fertilizers used in the fields for better production.

  Another form of pollution is noise or sound  pollution. It's the result of onroad vehicles, power generators, commercial mikes and religious chants for long time. This form of pollution harm people mentally and psychologically.

   Thus, we may sum up that pollution of any form has made our lives more difficult.

5) GAMES AND SPORTS

 Games and sports is an integral part of student life. It is important for children and young people in every walks of life. It includes all outdoor and indoor games for both boys and girls.

In the past, particularly in Greece, games and sports was a necessary part of education. Even today, in developed countries games and sports is a compulsory part of school and college curriculum.

There are various types of games and sports. Apart from physical activities like athletics, football, cricket, hocky, volllyball, basketball, tennis, badminton many others are there. Gymnastics, long jump, high jump etc are important.

The importance of games and sports can never be underestimated. First of all, it is a kind of physical exercise. Also it gives us sound body as well as mind in the long  run. Students learn various life skills like facing challenges, management, mutual understanding, decision taking ability etc. It provides the students with sound sleep, positive attitude and knowledge of both victory and defeat. 

Thus games and sports help the young generation to a great extent.

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Poster Designing: Solved Examples for HS 2nd Year (AHSEC)

Poster Designing: Solved Examples for HS 2nd Year (AHSEC)

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 Poster Designing

A Poster is a powerful visual tool used to spread awareness, make announcements, or promote social issues. In the Higher Secondary (HS) 2nd Year English syllabus, poster designing is a short-answer writing task that tests your creativity and ability to communicate a message effectively.

Key Features of a Good Poster:

To score full marks in your exam, keep these points in mind:

• The Layout: Always draw a rectangular box using a pencil and ruler.

• The Heading: Use a catchy title or slogan in BOLD CAPITAL LETTERS.

• Visual Appeal: Use different font sizes to highlight important information.

• Content: Keep it brief. Use bullet points for "Causes," "Effects," or "Instructions."

• Authority: Always mention the issuing authority at the bottom (e.g., Issued by: Guwahati Traffic Police).

• Slogans: Include short, rhyming, or impactful phrases like "Save Water, Save Earth" or "No Helmet, No Ride."

1. Q. Design a poster for the 'International Day Against Drug Abuse' to create awareness among the youth.

Answer:

SAY NO TO DRUGS, YES TO LIFE!
Drugs Lead to: * Physical Decay * Mental Stress * Family Ruin * Death
CHOOSE HEALTH, NOT HARM
Remember: Your future is in your hands. Don't let it go up in smoke!
Issued in public interest by: Social Welfare Department, Govt. of Assam

2. Q. Draft a poster to be issued by the Guwahati Traffic Police to create awareness about road safety.

Answer:

DRIVE SAFE — ARRIVE SAFE
Follow these Golden Rules: * Always wear a Helmet/Seatbelt. * Do NOT use mobile phones while driving. * Never Drink and Drive. * Stick to the Speed Limit.
BETTER LATE THAN NEVER!
Issued by: Guwahati Traffic Police

3. Q. Design an attractive poster for a 'Blood Donation Camp' to be organized in your college.

Answer:

BE A HERO — DONATE BLOOD
Give the Gift of Life!
Date: 25th May 2026 Time: 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM Venue: College Auditorium
Benefits: * One unit can save 3 lives. * It's safe and healthy. * Free Health Check-up for donors.
Organizer: Red Cross Society, [Your College Name] Unit

4. Q. Prepare a poster to create awareness about 'Saving Water' and its conservation.

Answer:

    

SAVE WATER — SAVE THE EARTH
Every Drop Counts!
What You Can Do: * Turn off taps when not in use. * Fix leaking pipes immediately. * Adopt Rainwater Harvesting. * Don't waste water while washing cars.
NO WATER = NO LIFE
Issued by: Water Resources Department, Assam

5. Q. Design a poster to create awareness about the importance of wearing helmets while riding.

Answer:

WEAR A HELMET — SAVE YOUR LIFE!
Protect Your Head, Protect Your Future
Why Wear a Helmet? * It protects you from fatal head injuries. * It ensures a safe journey for you and your family. * It's not just a rule, it's a Life-Saver. * It protects your eyes from dust and wind.

7. Q. Design a poster to encourage people to plant more trees to save the environment.

Answer:

PLANT A TREE — PLANT A HOPE!
Nature's Best Friend is a Tree
Why Plant Trees? * They provide Oxygen and fresh air. * They help in reducing global warming. * They prevent soil erosion and floods. * They are the natural home for birds and animals.
DON'T MAKE TREES A HISTORY, MAKE THEM THE FUTURE!
Issued in public interest by: Department of Environment & Forests, Assam

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Formal and Informal Letter Writing: 10+ Solved Exercises for HS Students

Formal and Informal Letter Writing: 10+ Solved Exercises for HS Students

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LETTER WRITING 

What is letter writing-

  Letter writing is a type of composition. It may be called spot composition also. Letter writing is an art.

Types of letter

   Basically there are three types of letter fo far school students are concerned. They are Formal or official letter, Informal or personal letter and Business letter.

WHAT IS FORMAL LETTER--

Formal letter is official letter. There may be diverse formal letters relating to school, college, office, administrative departments, banks, police station, post office etc.

WHAT IS INFORMAL LETTER-

All personal letters are called informal letter. Such letters are written to family members, friends, relatives etc. The pattern of writing informal letter is quite different from formal letters.

, beg to state

WHAT IS BUSINESS LETTER -

Business letters are those which are related business order, parcel etc. These letters are sent to dealers, workshops, whole seller etc.

                       FORMAL LETTER SOLVED--

Exercise-1.Write a letter to the Head master of your school seeking better library facilities.

Answer-

To,

The Head Master

Kamrup, Assam

Date- 10/12/2022

Subject- Prayer for better library facility.

Sir,

  With profound respect I, on behalf of the common students of our school, beg to state that we are in need of a better library facility at our school. We need thsi since during off periods or leisure time we have nothing to do at all. also whatever small library we do have, is not sufficient for us. We are in need of a well furnished library with latest books, journals, dictionaries, encyclopedia etc.

  We humbly pray for your kind attention to the matter a prompt action as well. We shall be waiting for your positive response.

Regards

  

                                                                                                                             Faithfully yours

                                                                                                                                     Xyz 

 

EXERCISE-2: Write a letter to the Post Master of your local post office regarding the loss of your parcel.

Answer-

To,

The Post Master,

XYZ post office,

Namrup, Assam

Subject_- Regarding loss of parcel.

Sir,

  I have the honour to state that my parcel bearing no- N?A -234/2025 lost recently while under your custody. I sent it to my brother who lives in Delhi for ten years. My brother also enquired of the parcel in the local Post office but of no use. 

   

  Hence, I would like to request to look into the matter and all possible measure to solve the problem.

Regards

                                                                                                                             Faithfully yours

                                                                                                                                   Mr. D.Das

EXERCISE-3. Write a letter to the Editor of an English daily narrating the problem of frequent theft at your locality.

Answer-

To,

 The Editor,

The Assam Tribune

Chandmari, Guwahati, Assam.

Date-10/10/2024

Sir,

   I shall be highly obliged if you allow me a little space in your esteemed daily to narrate the problem of frequent theft at our locality for a couple of months. It has been almost six months that the common people of our locality can not sleep or go out at night due to the problem of theft. Every other house of our native area is affected by this problem. Many people have already lost their valuable gods including jewelers, TV sets, cash etc. A number of cases have been registered but the real culprit has not been detected till now. Police patrolling at night is a common phenomenon, but of no use. A delegation of senior citizen met the local MLA and the DC, still the result is not satisfactory. 

  I, therefore, urge you publish this letter in your esteemed daily so that the concerned higher authority of the govt take a look at the seriousness of the problem and take some necessary action. I hope you would respond to this request for the greater interests of our locality.

                                              Yours etc

                                                Mr.XYZ

               INFORMAL LETTER SOLVED --

EXERCISE-4: Write a letter to your friend narrating how you would spend the next winter vacation.

Answer-

                                         

                        God is Great

                                                                                                                                Date- 2/2/25

                                                Exam: Hall

 

Dear..XYZ, 

            Hope you are well with your parents and only sister Rita. I am very well here with my hostel friends. I am glad to tell you that our annual examination is going to finish on 15the December. After the exam. I shall go home to spend one month of winter vacation.

               I feel pleased to tell that I have prepared a special programme schedule for the upcoming winter vacation. During the first ten days I would go to Goa with my parents. Then I shall spend one week with my grandparents in my native village. Finally I shall spend the rest of the days in the name of gardening at our residence.

              I look forward to know about your plan for the next vacation. Hope that you would keep writiNG.      

                                                    Mr. XYZ                                                                 Your loving

   TO.

   Mr, X

C./O-- Mr.ABC

Kamrul. (Assam)                               

                                          

 

EXERCISE-5:  Write a letter to your friend telling him or her about your hobby.

Answer-

                              God is Good

Dear XYZ                                                                                                                        Exam: Hall

                                                      Date:1/2/25

         I am glad to receive your letter yesterday. It was really a pleasant surprise for me after a long time. Hope that you are well. I am also doing well here.

           In your recent letter you asked me about my hobby. I am writing a few words on it. To be frank, my hobby is gardening. I spend my leisure time working in my garden where both flower saplings, trees etc co-exist with a number of vegetable plants. I find gardening a fascinating experience keeps me aware of seasonal changes. In fact, I dedicate my heart and soul into it.

         Nothing more for today. Hope to meet you after annual examination. 

                                                       Yours ever

                                                            ABC

To-- Mr.  Xyz

C/o-- MNC

P/o--Kamrup

Assam.

EXERCISE-6: write a letter to the Editor of an English daily about a bad piece of road at your locality.

Answer-

To,

   The Editor,

    The Assam Tribune

    Chandmari, Guwahati

      Date-10 june'2025

Sir,

   I shall be highly obliged if you allow me a little space in your esteemed newspaper to narrate the problem of bad or deplorable road condition at different parts of our locality. The common people of this area have been suffering from this problem for almost ten months. The problem has been made serious by the frequently passing loaded tractors, dumper trucks and other heavy vehicles during rainy season.

      The road condition is so serious that at any moment fatal accidents may occur. Considering this issue we approached the local administration but of no use..

       Hence, I urge you to publish this news in your daily so that the concerned govt. authority may take a look into the problem and take some urgent measures.

                                                                                                                                             Your's etc

                                              

EXERCISE-7: Write a letter to the Editor of an English daily about the frequent power cuts (load shedding) in your area during study hours.

Answer:

To, 

The Editor,

 The Assam Tribune, 

Chandmari, Guwahati.

Date: 14th May 2026

Sir,

    Through the columns of your esteemed daily, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities toward the problem of frequent load shedding in our locality.

    For the past few weeks, our area has been suffering from irregular power supply. The situation becomes worst during the evening hours, which is the prime time for students to study. As the Higher Secondary final examinations are approaching, this constant power failure is causing a great loss to our academic preparation. Despite several complaints to the local ASEB (Assam State Electricity Board) office, no permanent solution has been provided yet.

    Therefore, I request the higher authorities to look into the matter and ensure a steady power supply, especially during the night, for the sake of the student community.

                                                          Yours etc., 

                                                          ABC                                          

EXERCISE-8: Write a letter to the Editor of an English daily expressing your concern over the rising prices of essential commodities.

Answer:

To, 

 The Editor, 

The Sentinel, 

Guwahati, Assam.

Date: 15th May 2026

Sir,

    I shall be highly obliged if you allow me a little space in your esteemed newspaper to highlight the burning issue of the skyrocketing prices of essential commodities.

    The common people are currently facing immense hardship due to the daily increase in the prices of basic items like cooking oil, pulses, LPG, and petrol. For middle-class and low-income families, it has become nearly impossible to manage the monthly household budget. Artificial scarcity created by some dishonest traders and hoarders has further worsened the situation.

    I hope the government and the Food and Civil Supplies Department will take immediate steps to check the price hike and take strict action against black marketers to provide relief to the general public.

   

                                                   Yours. Etc

                                                                                                    

                                                                                                           

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Class 10 English: A Question of Trust Important Questions and MCQs

Class 10 English: A Question of Trust Important Questions and MCQs

   May 10, 2026       RSC

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ABOUT THE LESSON:

 The story revolves around Horace Danby, a 50-year-old lockmaker who is generally considered a good and honest citizen. However, he has a secret: once a year, he robs a safe to fund his expensive hobby of buying rare and expensive books.

The plot kicks in when he targets Shotover Grange. While attempting the heist, he is interrupted by a sophisticated "Young Lady in Red" who pretends to be the mistress of the house. She tricks Horace into opening the safe for her, leading to his eventual arrest.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:

Victor Canning (1911–1986) was a prolific British author renowned for his mastery of suspense and thriller novels. Best known for his clever plot twists and ironic endings, Canning wrote over sixty books, including the famous Mr. Finchley series and The Rainbird Pattern, which was later adapted into a film by Alfred Hitchcock. His writing often explores the themes of deception and human nature, as seen in "A Question of Trust," making him one of the most popular storytellers of the mid-20th century.

Read and Find Out (Page 20)

Q1. What does Horace Danby like to collect?

Ans: Horace Danby is a man of expensive tastes. He loves to collect rare and costly books. To fund this hobby, he robs one safe every year, which provides him with enough money to buy the books he loves through a secret agent.

Q2. Why does he steal every year? 

Ans: Horace is not a typical thief who steals for greed or necessity. He steals specifically to satisfy his passion for high-end books. By robbing one safe annually, he manages to gather enough funds to sustain himself and acquire the expensive literary collection he desires without having to work extra for it.

Read and Find Out (Page 22)

Q1. Who is speaking to Horace Danby? 

Ans: A young, charming woman dressed in red is speaking to Horace Danby. She carries herself with such confidence and authority that Horace mistakes her for the mistress of the house or a member of the family living at Shotover Grange. In reality, she is another thief who is much cleverer than him.

Q2. Who is the real culprit in the story? 

Ans: The "Young Lady in Red" is the real culprit. While Horace Danby intended to rob the safe, it was she who successfully manipulated him into opening it for her. She walked away with the jewels while Horace took all the blame and was eventually arrested by the police, proving that she was the more skillful criminal.

Think About It (Page 25)

Q1. Did you begin to suspect, before the end of the story, that the lady was not the person Horace Danby took her to be? If so, at what point?

Ans: Yes, there are subtle hints throughout the encounter. A suspicious reader might notice that she was unusually calm upon finding a burglar in the house. Instead of calling the police immediately, she focused on her "broken" jewelry and the forgotten safe combination. Her ease with the household dog, Sherry, and her authoritative yet casual behavior were designed to mirror a mistress, but her demand for Horace to break the safe—effectively doing the "dirty work" for her—was the biggest red flag.

Q2. What are the subtle ways in which the lady manages to deceive Horace Danby into thinking she is the lady of the house? Why did Horace not suspect that something was wrong?

Ans: The lady used several clever tactics to deceive him:

• Confidence and Poise: She walked in and tidied the ornaments on the mantlepiece as if she owned them.

• Authority: She spoke with a firm but kind voice, even scolding the dog.

• Appearance: Being dressed in red and looking sophisticated made her look like a guest or a resident. Horace did not suspect her because he was blinded by fear. He was so terrified of going to prison that his only thought was to please her so she wouldn't call the police. His hay fever and the stress of the moment clouded his natural caution.

• 
  

Q3. “Horace Danby was good and respectable — but not completely honest.” Why do you think this description is apt for Horace?

Ans: This description is perfect because Horace lived a double life. To society, he was a successful, 50-year-old lockmaker who was "good and respectable." However, he wasn't "completely honest" because he committed a major robbery once every year. He wasn't a professional criminal who stole for a living, but a man who stole to satisfy his private obsession for rare books. He didn't want to hurt anyone, but he still broke the law.

Q4. Horace Danby was a meticulous planner, but still he faltered. Where did he go wrong and why?

Ans: Despite studying the wiring, the paths, and the garden of Shotover Grange for two weeks, Horace failed in two major areas:

1. The Human Element: He researched the house but didn't know the actual faces of the owners.

2. Carelessness: In his rush to please the lady and escape, he opened the safe without wearing his gloves. This left his fingerprints all over the room, leading directly to his arrest.

Talk About It (Page 25)

Q1. Horace Danby was a meticulous planner but still he faltered. Where did he go wrong and why? Ans: Horace's failure was not in his technical planning, but in his emotional reaction. He was a meticulous planner regarding the house’s layout, but he failed to account for the "human element." When the young lady appeared, his fear of prison overwhelmed his logic. He was so desperate to please her and escape that he became careless, opening the safe with bare hands and leaving his fingerprints everywhere. His anxiety made him overlook the fact that a true "mistress of the house" wouldn't need a burglar to open her own safe.

Q2. Do you think Horace Danby was unfairly punished, or did he deserve what he got?

Ans: While Horace is a likable character because he isn't violent and has a quirky hobby, he is still a thief. Legally, he deserved to be arrested because he intended to commit a robbery. However, there is a sense of ironic justice in the story. He was tricked by a fellow criminal, proving that there is no "honor among thieves." He was punished not just for his crime, but for his misplaced trust in someone who was just as dishonest as he was.

Q3. Do you think the saying “Honor among thieves” is actually followed? 

Ans: The story strongly suggests that the idea of "honor among thieves" is a myth. Horace Danby believed in this code and expected the lady to keep her word because she appeared to be a fellow professional. However, the lady in red had no such loyalty; she used Horace as a tool to get the jewels and then let him take the fall. The ending shows that in the world of crime, it is every person for themselves.

Important Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

1. Why was Horace Danby considered a good citizen but not an honest one?

   • Ans: Horace was a 50-year-old respected lockmaker who lived a quiet life. However, he wasn't completely honest because he robbed one safe every year to fund his expensive hobby of buying rare books.

2. How did Horace prepare for the robbery at Shotover Grange?

   • Ans: He studied the house for two weeks, looking at its rooms, electric wiring, paths, and garden. He even found out where the family was (London) and where the servants had gone for a movie.

3. What was the "real" passion of Horace Danby?

   • Ans: His real passion was collecting rare and expensive books. He loved them so much that he was willing to commit one robbery a year just to afford his secret literary collection.

4. Why did Horace mistake the young lady for the mistress of the house?

   • Ans: She acted with extreme confidence, dressed elegantly in red, scolded the dog familiarly, and even tidied the ornaments on the mantelpiece. Her calm authority convinced Horace she belonged there.

5. What "trick" did the lady in red use to get the jewels without breaking the safe herself?

   • Ans: She claimed she had forgotten the numbers to the safe and needed the jewels for a party that night. She promised to let Horace go if he opened the safe for her, which he did gladly.

6. How did Horace's hay fever help in his eventual arrest?

   • Ans: The smell of flowers in the room triggered his hay fever, causing him to sneeze repeatedly. This made him distracted and nervous, leading him to open the safe without wearing his gloves.

7. Why didn't the dog, Sherry, bark when Horace entered the house?

   • Ans: Horace knew how to handle dogs. He calmed Sherry by calling him by his right name and showing him love, following the rule that dogs don't bother you if you show them affection.

8. What was the "irony" at the end of the story?

   • Ans: The irony is that Horace, a professional thief who planned everything meticulously, was tricked by another thief. He ended up in prison for a robbery where he didn't even get to keep the jewels.

9. What does Horace Danby think of the phrase "honor among thieves" now?

   • Ans: Horace now gets very angry when anyone mentions "honor among thieves." He realized through his experience that thieves do not actually respect each other and will betray one another for their own gain.

10. Why did the police arrest Horace Danby two days later?

• Ans: Although the lady had the jewels, Horace had opened the safe with his bare hands. His fingerprints were found all over the room, and the police easily traced them back to him.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. How old was Horace Danby? (A) About 40 (B) About 50 (C) About 30 (D) About 60 Correct

 Answer: (B) About 50

2. What did Horace love to collect? (A) Paintings (B) Rare and costly books (C) Gold coins (D) Stamps 

Correct Answer: (B) Rare and costly books

3. What was the name of the dog at Shotover Grange? (A) Tommy (B) Sherry (C) Bruno (D) Moti

  Correct Answer: (B) Sherry

4. Who was the real culprit in the story? (A) Horace Danby (B) The lady in red (C) The housekeeper (D) The owner 

Correct Answer: (B) The lady in red

5. Where was Horace after he was arrested? (A) Hospital (B) School (C) Assistant Librarian in prison (D) Abroad 

Correct Answer: (C) Assistant Librarian in prison

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