June 2025

A ROADSIDE STAND_______BY ROBERT FROST


ABOUT THE POEM--

In this poem the poet says about the behaviour of the previledged class to th epoor peple.Here the roadside stand belongs to a poor family.The family members waits hopefully to get customers from the city. The shop (roadside stand) that they have is to draw attention of the city people, but their efforts are in vain.The city people do not pay attention to the shop and if herdly paid then they do not buy anything from the stand. The poet shows sympathy to them and hopes to help them as well. This great poet died on 29 january


ABOUT THE POET--

Robert Lee Frost was born on 26 march, 1874  in America. He was a realistic as well as nature poet.An important subject matter of his poem is rural life. He was also famous as a playwright. Frost was the poet who received four Pulitzer Prizes for poetry. This great poet died on 29 january, 1963.

SUMMARY OF THE POEM--

This poem deals with a roadside stand (shop). It brings a contrast between the difficulties of rural life and its people and the indifference shown by the city dwellers. The poet also criticises the exploitation of the hypocrite politicians who just keep on promising with such rural folks. These poor people always come across perpetual poverty which is unbearable for the poet Frost.



TEXTUAL QUESTION ANSWERS-

1.The city folk who drove through the counrtyside hardly paid any heed to the roadside stand or to the peoplewho ran it. If at all they did, it was to complain.Which lines bring this out. What was their complain about ?

Answer- The city folks who drove and passed the shade complain about the roadside stand. The lines in this context are as follows--

A) 'At having the landcsapemarred with the artless paint.'
B) of signs that with 'N' turned wrong and 'S' turned wrong.

      Their complaint was about the roadside stand which destroyed the charm of the entire landscape.

2. What was the plea of the folk who had put up the roadside stand ?

Answer-The folk who had put up the roadside stabnd pleaded fromthe city customers. They wish for the city money. They are very hopeful to welcome the cty people as their custoers and sell their goods stocked in the stand or shop.

3. The government and other social agencies appear to help the poor rural people, but do them no good.Pick out the words and phrases that the poet usage to show their double standard.

Answer- The government and other social service agencies seem to help the poor people fo the village, but in reality, they did not do good to them. The words and phrases are --

A) 'Grredy good-doers, beneficent beast of prey.'

B) 'That are calculated to soothe them out of their wits.'

4. What is the 'childish longing' that the poet refer to ? Why is it in 'vain'.

Answer- The expression 'childish longing' refers to meaningless waiting of the people associated with the roadside stand.It is quite childish and meaningless that they eagerly wait for city customers

     Their longing is in vain because in spite of their curious solicitation,a few customers turn up.

5.Which lines tell us about the insufferable painthat the poet feels at the thought of the plight of the rural poor ?

Answer- The poet is very much concerned about the plight of the rural poor. He feels pain at theirultimate fate or luck. He even wants to remove their pain and solve their continuous financial  problem at one stroke.



1/2 MARKS QUESTION AND ANSWERS.

1. Who composed the poem A Roadside Stand ?
Answer- Robert Frost

2. Where was the new shed put ?

Answer- The new shed was put by the side of the road.

3.why is the shed put there ?

Answer- To sell some vegetables, guards etc.

4. What is meant by 'but for some money' ?
 
Answer- The roadside stand was put to earn some money from city customers.

5.What is 'polished traffic'?

Answer- Polished traffic refers to the luxurious vehicles that pass by the roadside stand.

6.What do you mean by N and S turned wrong ?

Answer- This means the singboard of the roadside stand has alphabet N and S. Both N and S are wrongly painted.

7.What is sold in the roadside stand ?

Answer- wild berries.

8.What is in the news regarding the people of roadside stand ?

Answer- It is in the news that the government will be merciful to these people and settle them somwhere.

9.Who are called 'greedy good doers,and beast of prey'?

Answer- The poet called the authorities and the rulling class people as greedy good-doers and beast of prey.

10.What is meant by 'childish longing'?

Answer- Here 'childish longing' refers to the eaerly waiting  people related to the roadside stand. In fact, they eagerly wait for the city customers and their money.

11.What is open prayer in the poem ?

Answer- here open prayer means the poor wait and pray  at the roadside stand in the hope of getting rich customers from the city.

12.Why does the poet call 'selfish cars'?

Answer- The cars are regareded as selfish because they hardly wait in front of the stand, When they stand, they donot buy anything from the shop.

13.Why is the country scale of gain not counted ?

Answer- The country (village) scale of gain is not counted, because their gain and happiness is nominal that can be neglected.

14.What is the complaint of the country people ?

Answer- The complaint of these rural or country people is that their fate or luck has never changed.

15. What sadness lurks near the open window ?

Answer- According to the poet a number of vehicle pass by the open window but not a single one stops there to buy anything frm the shop.




INDIGO ___________Louis Fischer


INTRODUCTION -

           This chapter is taken from the book -The Life of Mahatma Gandhi, where a true picture of british colonialism and expliotation is found in detail. The place where the episode of sharecropping occcured is Champaran district of Bihar. By the time the british was looting the poor peasants of Bhar in the name of zamindari system and sharecropping, gandhiji was not so much popular in India.He just came back from England after becoming a barrister. However, this chapter gives us a real picture- how Gandhiji defetated the British in Bihar and become a popular freedom fighter across India. Besides this, he worked as an active social worker along with his disciples, wife, son and his followers both Indian and european. Overall, this chapter makes us understand the Gandhian way of fighting for fredom of the country.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:

         Louis Fischer was born in 1896. His birthplace is Philadelphia. He worked in the british army, a journalis and also as a faculty member in Princeton University. He died in 1970.


TEXTUAL QUESTION ANSWERS

(Think as you read)

1.strike out what is not true in the following:-
A.Rajkumar Shukla was:
I) A sharecropper           ii) a politician
Iii) delegate                     iv) a landlord

Ans:- except  (i) , all three false

B. Rajkumar Shukla was :
I) poor                                ii) physically strong
Iii) illiterate.

Ans :ii - not true.

                              Page-47 

2. Why is Rajkumar Shukla described as being resolute .

Answer- Rajkumar Shukla is described as resolute, because he wanted gandhi to take up the case of the Champaran peasants with a view to getting help. As he wanted gandhi in Champaran, So he accompanied Gandhi until he was free. Finally, being impressed by his tenacity Gandhi agreed and came to Champaran of Bihar with Shukla.

3.Why do you think the servants thought gandhi to be another peasant >

Answer- In Patna, Shukla led gandhi to the house of Rajendra Prasad, a lawyer.The servants knew that Shukla was a poor peasant.So, the person who accompanied Shukla (Gandhi) was also supposed to be a peasant by them. Hence, both of them were let to stay on the ground.

                                       Page -49
1.List the places that gandhi visited between his first meeting with Shukla and his arrival at Champaran.

Answer- Rajkumar Sukla, at first met Gandhi in Lucknow. Then, after visiting many places of India, Gandhi returned to his Ashram in Ahmedabad. Shukla accompanied him there. Later, Gandhi went to Kolkata and boarded a train bound for Patna.Finally he visited Muzaffarpur and Motihari and reached Champaran.

2. What did the peasants pay the British landlords as rent ? What did the British now want instead and why ? What would be the impact of synthetic indigo on the prices of natural indigo ?

Answer- The peasants of Champaran were forced to plant 15% of their holdings with indigo plantation. They had to surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent at last.

   Actually, the british changed their policy of agreement since they came to know that cheap German synthetic  indigo was available in the market.The indian natural indigo could not compete with that of German. So, the british wanted compensation from the poor peasants so as to make themselves free.

                          PAGE-51

1.The events in this part of the text illustrate Gandhiji's method of working. Can you identify instances of this method and link them to his ideas od satyagraha and nn violence ?

Answer- Gandhi was issued a court order to leave Champaran. He disobeyed the order after signature even if he had deeply respected the british legal system.

         Howevrer, having arrived at Champaran, gandhi realised that the british officials were violating natural justice. Whereas he wanted to render humaniratian service to the exploited peasants. He put forwarded his view that nothing is superior to 'the voice of conscience'. In this way, gandhiji linked his method to his idea od satyagraha and non-violance.

                          PAGE-53
1.why did gandhi agree to a settlement of 25% refund to the farmers ?

Answer- The british thought that gandhi would ask for 100% refund of what they exploited from peasants. But gandhi asked just 50% refund. As the planters offered 25%, gandhi agreed immediately. To him the amount was not important. Rather, the british landlords were obliged to surrender part of their money and part of their prestige- gandhi argued.

2.How did the episode change the plight of the peasants ?

Answer- After the Champaran episode the peasants understood their rights. They become more confident and brave. Moreover, as soon as the british landlords abandoned their plantations  the peasants got back their lands. Indigo sharecropping disappeared from India for ever.

                           PAGE-54

UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT

1.Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning -point in his life ?

Answer- The Champaran movement was the first indian mass movement aginst the british. It united the common Indian and also made them aware of rights in own country. This movement taught them political and economic liberty.Also this was the first victory (civil disobedience) against the british. This movement under Gandhi's leadership forced the british to give back indian money and lose their own prestige.

        Therefore, it was a turning point in gandhi's life.

2.How was gandhi able to influence lawyers ? Give instances.

Answer- As soon as the news of gandhi's arrival spread, the lawyers of Muzaffarpur called on (meet) him.They requested him to brief them. But Gandhi chided  (told negatively) them for taking huge fees from the poor peasants.
        Again after gandhi received summon (court order) from the british lawful authority to appear in the court, he requested Rajendra Prasad to bring influencial lawyers and persons.He conferred with them and finally commented that if all of them support him then they would win the 'battle of Champaran'.

3. What was the attitude of the average Indian in smaller localities towards advocates of 'Home rule' ?

Answer- The average indian were indifferent to the advocates of home rule. They did not have goodwll towards them. In fact, they did not rely on the advocates since they charged huge fees from the cliants or peasants.

4. How do you know that ordinary people too  contributed to the freedom movement ?

Answer- We know that with the support of people/peasant the Champaran episode was won. The same happened in case of Indian freedom struggle. The episode was the beginning and rising of the common indian. They understood their rights,unity.and worked together therafter. This , in the long run led to Independence from the british rule in 1947.



ADDITIONAL/ EXTRA QUESTION ANSWERS

1.What is Indigo ?

Answer- Indigo means akind of dark blue dye obtained from the indigo plants

2.Who is the author of this chapter ?

Answer - Louis Fischer

3. What was the event where Shukla met gandhiji ?

Answer- In the annual convention of the Indian National Congress in Lucknow,in December-1916

4. Why did Shukla meet gandhi ?

Answer- To discuss and get solution to the problem of Champaran peasants related to share cropping.

5. Who was Edward Gait ?

Answer- The Lieutenant Governor who summoned gandhi while in Champaran.

6.When did the author visit the ashram of gandhi ?

Answer- in 1942.

7.How many delegates participated in the INC convention in Lucknow in 1916 ?

Answer- Altogether 2,301 delegates.

8.Who was J.B.kripalani ?

Answer- A professor of the Arts college in Muzafforpur, Bihar.

9.Who was Professor Malkani ?

Answr- A teacher of a govt. School in Bihar.

10.What is arable land ?

Answer- The land which is capable of being ploughed and grown crops.

11. Which british official commissioner did gandhi meet ?

Answer- The commissioner of Tirhut divison.

12. Name two influencial leaders mentioned.

Answer- Rajendra Prasad and Brij Kishore Babu.

13.What is civil disobediance ?

Answer- The refusal to comply with certain British laws by Indian. It is kind of political protest.

14.Name Gandhi's wife.

Answer- kastuba Gandhi.

15. Name son of Gandhi.

Answer- Devdas.

16.What are the common medicines used in Champaran /

Answer- Castor oil, Quinine and sulphur.

17. Who was Charles Freer Andrews ?

Answer- An english pacifist who had become a devoted follower of Gandhi.

18. How long did gandhi stay in Champaran ?

Answer- Initially seven months and ltogether one year.

19. Who was Reverend J.Z.Hodge ?

Answer- A british Missionary who stayed in Champaran and observed the episode of Charecroppers.

20. What amount did gandhi demand and finally accepted ?

Answer- Gandhi demaneded 50% and agreed to accept only 25%.

21.Who were the two disciple of gandhi in Champaran ?

Answer- Narahari Parikh and Mahadev Desai.

22.In how many villages did Gandhi open school in Bihar ?

Answer- In six villages.

23. What did Ksturba teach to the women of Bihar ?

Answer- Ashram rules, personal cleanliness and community sanitation.

24.Why did gandhi visit Muzafforpur ?

Answer- To get the real picture of Zamindari system under the british.

25.Why did gandhi chide the lawyers of Bihar ?

Answer- For charging huge fees from the poor farmers.




                             

JOB APPLICATION


WHAT IS JOB APPLICATION ?

Job application means formal application to an employer, who has already advertised inviting job application from eligible candidates for his/her firm, Scool, college.


Job application is written by the candidate himself or herself. There should be two pages - one the application and the other is Bio data.

Exercise::

1. Write a job application for the post of Asst.Teacher (Science) in response to the advertisement published in an english newspaper on 10/5/2025.

Answer- 

To,
The Head Master/Principal
ABC .H.S.School
Kamrup, Guwahati (Assam)
Date - 15/5/25

Subject: Application for the post of Asst.Teacher (Science)

Rspected Sir,
      In response to your advertisement in The Assam Trbune, dated the 10th may/2025 and with reference to the subject cited above I have the honour to submit my candidature for the mentioed post. So far my educational qualification is concerned, I passsed B.Sc in mathematics and B.Ed as well. Presently I have been working as Asst.Teacher in an english medium school.

       Therefore, I hope that you would kindly go through the photocopies of my educational qualificatons and consider them with favour. I am committed to render my best services if appointed to the post.

Faithfully yours
Mr.XYZ

(Enclosed my detail bio-data)


                            BIO-DATA
Name :                                   Aruna Sarma
Father's name :                     Anjan Sarma
Address :                               House No- 12
                                              A.K Das Road
                                              Amingaon, Guwahati
Date of borth :                     30/09/1993
Nationality :                         Indian
Marital status :                    unmarried

Educational Qualification :

A) HSLC- 2005, SEBA, FRST DIV, 88%
B) HS-(SCIENCE) 2007-AHSEC, FIRST, 91%
C) B.SC- (MATH) 2010-G.U, 1ST CLASS-65%
D) B.ED- 2012, G.U, 1ST CLASS, 59%

Teaching Experience- :       4 years .
Language Known :      English, Assamese, Hindi

                         DECLARATION
I do hereby declare that above data is correct and genuine as per my knowledge is concerned. The photocopies of my certificates have been enclosed for your kind consideration.

                                           Faithfully yours
                                            Mr. ABC