The Tale of Custard the Dragon Class 10 MCQ, Question Answers & RTC | First Flight

The Tale of Custard the Dragon Class 10 MCQ, Question Answers & RTC | First Flight

   April 09, 2026       RSC

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 Text of the poem

THE TALE OF CUSTARD THE DRAGON

Belinda lived in a little white house,
With a little black kitten and a little gray mouse,
And a little yellow dog and a little red wagon,
And a realio, trulio, little pet dragon.

Now the name of the little black kitten was
Ink,
And the little gray mouse, she called hum Blink,
And the little yellow dog was sharp as Mustard,
But the dragon was a coward, and she called him Custard.

Custard the dragon had big sharp teeth,
And spikes on top of him and scales underneath,
Mouth like a fireplace, chimney for a nose,
And realio, trulio daggers on his toes.

Belinda was as brave as a barrel full of bears,
And Ink and Blink chased lions down the stairs,
Mustard was as brave as a tiger in a rage,
But Custard cried for a nice safe cage.

Belinda tickled him, she tickled him unmerciful,
Ink, Blink and Mustard, they rudely called him Percival,
They all sat laughing in the little red wagon
At the realio, trulio, cowardly dragon.

Belinda giggled till she shook the house,
and Blink said Weeck! which is giggling for a mouse,
Ink and Mustard rudely asked his age,
When Custard cried for a nice safe cage.

Suddenly, suddenly they heard a nasty sound,
And Mustard growled, and they all looked around.
Meowch! cried Ink, and Ooh! cried Belinda,
For there was a pirate, climbing in the winda.

Pistol in his left hand, pistol in his right,
And he held in his teeth a cutlass bright,
His beard was black, one leg was wood;
It was clear that the pirate meant no good.

Belinda paled, and she cried Help! Help!
But Mustard fled with a terrified yelp,
Ink trickled down to the bottom of the household,
And little mouse Blink strategically mouseholed.

But up jumped Custard snorting like an engine,
Clashed his tail like irons in a dungeon,
With a clatter and a clank and a jangling squirm,
He went at the pirate like a robin at a worm.

The pirate gaped at Belinda's dragon,
And gulped some grog from his pocket flagon,
He fired two bullets, but they didn't hit,
And Custard gobbled him, every bit.

Belinda embraced him, Mustard licked him,
No one mourned for his pirate victim.
Ink and Blink in glee did gyrate
Around the dragon that ate the pirate.

But presently up spoke little dog Mustard,
I'd been twice as brave if I hadn't been flustered.
And up spoke Ink and up spoke Blink,
We'd have been three times as brave, we think,
And Custard said, I quite agree
That everybody is braver than me.

Belinda still lives in her little white house,
With her little black kitten and her little gray mouse,
And her little yellow dog and her little red wagon,
And her realio, trulio little pet dragon.

Belinda is as brave as a barrel full of bears,
And Ink and Blink chase lions down the stairs,
Mustard is as brave as a tiger in a rage,
But Custard keeps crying for a nice safe cage.

The Tale of Custard the Dragon (Summary)

The tale of custard the dragon is a ballad. It is a humorous poem about a cowardly dragon named custard. Custard is a pet of Belinda, a little girl who lives in a little white house with her pets. She had a black kitten named ink, a grey mouse named blink, a yellow dog mustard and a cowardly dragon custard. The poet says that all of them are very brave except the dragon. Others were described as brave and are compared with animals like bear, tiger or lion but the dragon is very timid. He always demands a safe place for himself. All the other characters make fun of him. But one night they are surprised by the entry of a pirate in the house. All of them get frightened and start hiding here and there. But to everyone’s surprise, the dragon not only tackles him but also eats him up. As all of them are saved by custard, they thank him. But at the end, they realize that they used to make fun of the dragon because of his being timid. So, all of them suddenly start saying that they are more brave and could have handled the situation in a much better way. Here the poet has tried to say that sometimes a timid person is the actual hero in the toughest situations of life.

ABOUT THE POET:

One of the most widely appreciated and imitated writers of light verse, Frediric Ogden Nash was born in Rye, New York, on August 19, 1902, to Edmund Strudwick and Mattie Nash. He came from a distinguished family; the city of Nashville, Tennessee, was named in honor of one of his forbearers. Nash attended Harvard College, but dropped out after only one year. He worked briefly on Wall Street, and as a schoolteacher, before becoming a copywriter.  He died on May 19, 1971.

Question Answers

 

Thinking about the Poem

 

1.    Who are the characters in this poem? List them with their pet names.

Ans. The characters are Belinda, Ink (the black kitten), Blink (the grey mouse), Mustard (the yellow dog), and Custard (the cowardly dragon).

2.    Why did Custard cry for a nice safe cage?

Ans. Custard cried for a nice safe cage because he was afraid and wanted to feel secure, even though he was physically intimidating.

 

3.    Why is the dragon called a cowardly dragon?

Ans. The dragon is called cowardly because, despite his frightening appearance, he was scared and always cried for safety.

 

4.    “Belinda tickled him, she tickled him unmerciful …” Why?

Ans. Belinda tickled Custard unmercifully to tease him for being cowardly, even though he looked fierce.

 

5.    Do you find The Tale of Custard the Dragon a serious or funny poem? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Ans. The poem is funny because it contrasts Custard’s scary appearance with his cowardly behavior, while the supposedly braver pets end up fleeing when real danger appears, and Custard saves the day.

 

EXTRA QUESTIONS & ANSWERS ---

 

1.    What is the rhyme scheme of the poem?

Ans. The rhyme scheme of the poem is AABB, where two consecutive lines rhyme with each other.

 

2.    Pick out the lines from the poem that contain similes.

Ans.a). “Belinda was as brave as a barrel full of bears.”

b). “Mustard was as brave as a tiger in a rage.”

 

3.    What images does the poet use in the poem?

Ans. The poet uses several vivid images in The Tale of Custard the Dragon to bring the characters and scenes to life. Some of the key images include:

·         Custard the Dragon: Described with “big sharp teeth,” “spikes on top,” “scales underneath,” and “daggers on his toes,” Custard is depicted as a fierce-looking but gentle dragon.

·         The Pirate: The pirate is imagined with a “pistol in his left hand, pistol in his right,” a “bright cutlass,” “black beard,” and “wooden leg,” creating an image of a stereotypical, fearsome pirate.

·         Belinda and her pets: Belinda is brave “as a barrel full of bears,” while Mustard, Ink, and Blink are also shown in an energetic, brave light, chasing lions or being as fierce as a tiger.

 

4.    Which line/stanza is used as a refrain in the poem?

Ans. Custard cried for a nice safe cage” is used as a refrain in the poem. It is repeated several times, emphasizing Custard’s desire for safety despite his fearsome appearance.

 5. Why did the other pets rudely call Custard 'Percival'?

Answer: They called him 'Percival' to mock him. Percival was a legendary knight of King Arthur's court who initially ran away from his duties, so the pets used the name to tease Custard for his lack of courage.

6. What did the pirate do when he saw Custard the dragon face him? 

Answer: The pirate gaped at Custard in shock and drank some wine (grog) from his pocket flask to gather courage. He then fired two bullets at Custard, though both missed their target.

7. Why did Belinda embrace Custard after the pirate incident?

Answer: Belinda embraced Custard out of immense gratitude and relief. While all her other "brave" pets had fled and hidden in fear, Custard courageously saved everyone's lives by devouring the pirate.

8. How did Ink and Blink celebrate Custard's victory? 

Answer: Ink and Blink celebrated by happily dancing (gyrating) in circles around Custard. They were filled with glee and excitement because Custard had completely eaten up the threatening pirate.

 

 

MCQ………….

 

1.    What was the name of the little black kitten?

(A) Blink

(B) Ink

(C) Mustard

(D) Custard

 

2.    What did Custard cry for?

(A) A nice soft bed

(B) A nice warm house

(C) A nice safe cage

(D) A nice shiny sword

 

3.    What kind of animal was Mustard?

(A) A dog

(B) A kitten

(C) A mouse

(D) A dragon

 

4.    What was special about Custard’s mouth?

(A) It was soft

(B) It was full of sharp teeth

(C) It was like a fireplace

(D) It was very small

 

5.    How did the other pets react when they saw the pirate?

(A) They attacked him

(B) They hid themselves.

(C) They helped Custard

(D) They ran away

 

6.    Who ate the pirate?

(A) Ink

(B) Blink

(C) Mustard

(D) Custard

 

7.    What weapon did the pirate have?

(A) A sword

(B) A pistol

(C) Both a pistol and a cutlass

(D) A dagger

 

8.    What did Belinda do when Custard saved them from the pirate?

(A) She hugged him

(B) She cried

(C) She ran away

(D) She scolded him

 

9.    What did Ink and Blink do after Custard ate the pirate?

(A) They scolded Custard

(B) They ran away

(C) They danced around him

(D) They stayed silent

 

10.  What did Custard say at the end of the poem?

(A) “I am braver than all of you.”

(B) “Everybody is braver than me.”

(C) “I am scared.”

(D) “I am the bravest of all.”

Text Questions

 

A. “Belinda lived in a little white house,

With a little black kitten and a little grey mouse,

And a little yellow dog and a little red wagon,

And a realio, trulio, little pet dragon.”

 

1.    Who lived in the little white house? 

Ans. Belinda lived in the little white house with her pets: a black kitten, a grey mouse, a yellow dog, and a little pet dragon.

 

 

2.    What color was the kitten?

Ans. The kitten was black.

 

3.    What was special about the dragon?

Ans. The dragon was a “realio, trulio” pet, suggesting it was real and special.

 

4.    What was the color of the little mouse?

Ans. The mouse was grey.

 

5.    What did Belinda have besides pets?

Ans. Belinda had a little red wagon.

 

 

B. “Now the name of the little black kitten was Ink,

And the little grey mouse, she called him Blink,

And the little yellow dog was sharp as Mustard,

But the dragon was a coward, and she called him Custard.”

 

1.    What was the name of the kitten?

Ans. The kitten’s name was Ink.

 

2.    What was the mouse’s name?

Ans. The mouse’s name was Blink.

 

3.    Why was the dog named Mustard?

Ans. The dog was named Mustard because he was “sharp,” implying he was quick and clever.

 

4.    What was the dragon’s name?

Ans. The dragon’s name was Custard.

 

5.    What characteristics did Custard have?

Ans. Custard was a cowardly dragon.

 

 

C. “Custard the dragon had big sharp teeth,

And spikes on top of him and scales underneath,

Mouth like a fireplace, chimney for a nose,

And realio, trulio daggers on his toes.”

 

1.    How is Custard’s appearance described in the poem?

Ans. Custard is described as having “big sharp teeth,” spikes on his back, scales underneath, a “mouth like a fireplace,” and “daggers on his toes.” These details create the image of a fierce and dangerous dragon.

 

2.    What does the phrase “realio, trulio” emphasize in this stanza?

Ans. The playful phrases “realio, trulio” emphasize that Custard is a real dragon, even though he behaves in a timid, cowardly way. It adds a whimsical tone to the poem.

 

3.    Why do you think the poet uses comparisons like “mouth like a fireplace” and “chimney for a nose”?

Ans. The poet uses these comparisons to create vivid, humorous imagery, suggesting that Custard’s mouth is as big as a fireplace and his nose resembles a chimney, evoking the idea of a fierce creature.

 

4.    How does Custard’s physical appearance contrast with his personality?

Ans. Custard’s physical appearance, which is fierce and menacing, contrasts sharply with his personality, as he is cowardly and constantly cries for a “nice safe cage.”

 

5.    What effect does the use of exaggeration have on the reader’s perception of Custard?

Ans. The exaggeration of Custard’s features, such as “daggers on his toes” and “spikes on top,” makes him appear larger-than-life, enhancing the humorous contrast between his terrifying appearance and his timid nature.

 

 

 D. “Belinda was as brave as a barrel full of bears,

And Ink and Blink chased lions down the stairs,

Mustard was as brave as a tiger in a rage,

But Custard cried for a nice safe cage.”

 

1.    What is Belinda compared to?

Ans. Belinda is compared to a “barrel full of bears,” meaning she was very brave.

 

2.    What did Ink and Blink do to lions?

Ans. Ink and Blink chased lions down the stairs.

 

3.    How brave was Mustard?

Ans. Mustard was as brave as a tiger in a rage.

 

4.    What did Custard want?

Ans. Custard wanted a nice safe cage.

 

5.    What is Custard’s reaction to danger?

Ans. Custard cried for safety, showing he was cowardly.

 

 

E. “The pirate gaped at Belinda’s dragon,

And gulped some grog from his pocket flagon,

He fired two bullets, but they didn’t hit,

And Custard gobbled him, every bit.”

 

1.    How does Custard react to the pirate’s attack?

Ans. Custard bravely leaps up and attacks the pirate, snorting “like an engine,” clashing his tail, and going at the pirate “like a robin at a worm.” This shows Custard’s courage in the face of danger.

 

2.    What simile is used to describe Custard’s attack, and what does it convey?

Ans. The simile “like a robin at a worm” is used to describe Custard’s attack. It conveys Custard’s sudden, swift, and decisive action, showing how quickly and instinctively he goes after the pirate.

 

3.    What sounds are associated with Custard’s movements in this stanza?

Ans. The sounds associated with Custard’s movements include “clatter,” “clank,” and “jangling squirm,” which suggest loud, metallic noises, emphasizing the strength and power of his attack.

 

4.    How does this stanza change the reader’s perception of Custard?

Ans. This stanza changes the reader’s perception of Custard by showing his bravery for the first time. Despite being known as a coward, Custard shows great courage by protecting Belinda and attacking the pirate.

 

5.    What literary device is used in the line “snorting like an engine”?

Ans. The literary device used is a simile, comparing Custard’s snorting to the noise of an engine, which emphasizes his strength and power during the attack.

 

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DUST OF SNOW_________ROBERT FROST (Class-X, CBSE)

DUST OF SNOW_________ROBERT FROST (Class-X, CBSE)

   April 09, 2026       RSC

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TEXT OF THE POEM

Dust of Snow

By Robert Frost

 

The way a crow
Shook down on me
The dust of snow
From a hemlock tree

Has given my heart
A change of mood
And saved some part
Of a day I had rued.

ABOUT THE POEM::

Dust of Snow is avery  short but beautiful poem composed  by the famous American poet Robert Frost. The poem discusses how a small, simple moment can have a lasting impact on a person’s mood. In  the very beginning of the poem, the poet seems to be in a depressive and sorrowful state of mind. He feels that his complete day has been wasted in regret and gloom. When he  stands under a hemlock tree, a crow suddenly shakes down  particles of snow on him. The hemlock tree and the crow are traditionally symbolise  bad luck, and sorrow.But Frost uses these "negative" symbols to bring about a positive change in his heart. The cold touch of the "dust of snow"  is a wake-up call to him. It  refreshes his spirit. This tiny incident saves the rest of his day from being ruined by sadness. The final message of the poem is that nature has a healing power and can find solace even in the most gloomy places .

ABOUT THE POET:

The noted American poet Robert Frost (1874–1963) was  known for his realistic depictions of rural life. He is famous for using simple, common language to explore deep and complex  themes.Most of his poems are set in England, focusing on the relationship between humans and the nature.He  won four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry, which is regarded great achievement in literature.His work, like "Dust of Snow," is considered a healer for human emotions.Some of his famous poems include "The Road Not Taken" and "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening."

SUMMARY:

The poet is in a depressed and sorrowful mood. He feels that his day has been completely wasted in regret. He happens to be standing under a hemlock tree (a poisonous tree ).Suddenly, a crow sitting on the tree shakes down a "dust of snow"— particles of snow falls on the poet. This sudden, cold touch of nature acts as a "wake-up call." for the post.It immediately comes out of negative thoughts and refreshes his spirit.By the end, the poet realizes that even though he had regretted the first half of his day, this tiny incident saved the rest of his day from being wasted in sorrowful mood.He realises that nature has the power to cure a bad mood into positive. Frost uses a crow and a hemlock tree—usually symbols of bad luck or death—to bring about a positive change, showing that joy can even  come from gloomy things also.

Dust of snow

THINKING ABOUT THE POEM::

1.    What is a ‘dust of snow’? What does the poet say has changed his mood? How has the poet’s mood changed?

Answer: ‘Dust of snow’ refers to the tiny, fine particles or flakes of snow that settle on any objects. In this poem the sudden falling of these snowflakes, shaken down by a crow from a hemlock tree, brought positivity to the poet’s mood. His mood shifted from a state of sadness and regret to that of joy and optimism and made  him feel refreshed for the rest of the day.

2.    How does Frost present nature in this poem?

Answer: Robert Frost does not present nature in a traditiional way by using symbols  associated with sorrow, like the crow (I,e- a bad omen) and the hemlock tree (a poisonous plant). By showing how these "negative" elements  made him happy, he suggests that nature has the power to heal and uplift us in its own ways.

(I) -- no need 

(ii) - no need 

(iii)   What do the ‘crow’ and ‘hemlock’ represent? What does the dust of snow stand for?

Answer: The symbols like  crow and the hemlock tree represent sorrow, depression, and a gloomy state of the poet's mind. The dust of snow stands for natural joy, energy, and a fresh start that recovers the poet’s from regret. 

3. No need..

Extra question answers::

 

1.    Who is the poet of "Dust of Snow"?

Answer: Robert Frost.

 2. Where was the crow sitting?

Answer: The crow was sitting on a branch of a hemlock tree.

3.What is a hemlock tree?

Answer: It is a poisonous tree with small white flowers.

4.What does the word ‘rued’ mean in the poem?

 Answer: It means to feel regret or to have held a day in sorrow.

5.What is the rhyme scheme of the poem?

Answer: The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd. 

 

2-Mark Questions (Short Answer)

 

1.What is the central theme of the poem?

Answer: The central theme is that small, simple moments in nature can have a large significance and can transform a person's mood from negative to positive.

2.Why did the poet use a crow and hemlock tree instead of more ‘beautiful’ symbols?

Answer: The poet chose them to reflect his initial depressive mood. By using these symbols of sorrow to bring about joy, he emphasizes that beauty and positivity can be found in unlikely places.

3.What does the poet mean by saying he "saved some part of a day"?

Answer: Before the incident, the poet felt his entire day was wasted in regret. The falling of the snow changed his spirit, allowing him to use the remaining part of the day productively and happily.

4.How does the poem illustrate the healing power of nature?

Answer: It shows that a simple natural event—like snow falling from a tree—can act as a catalyst for emotional renewal, proving that nature can alleviate despair and promote well-being. 

 

MCQ WITH ANSWERS:

1.  Who is the poet of "Dust of Snow"?
A) Robert Frost
B) Leslie Norris
C) Carolyn Wells
D) Robin Klein

2.  What was the poet’s mood at the beginning of the poem?
A) Joyful
B) Nervous
C) Depressive/Sad
D) Excited

3.  What did the crow shake down on the poet?
A) Dust of water
B) Dust of snow
C) Dust of sand
D) Leaves

4.What type of tree was the crow sitting on?

A) Banyan tree

B) Oak tree

C) Hemlock tree

D) Pine tree.

5.What does a "Hemlock tree" symbolise?

A) Longevity

B) Poison/Sorrow

C) Happiness

D) Growth

6.What was the effect of the "dust of snow" on the poet?

A) It made him angry

B) It changed his mood

C) It made him fall asleep

D) It made him feel sick

7.What does the poet mean when he says he had "rued" the day?

A) Celebrated the day

B) Forgotten the day

C) Held the day in regret

D) Enjoyed the day

8.What is the rhyme scheme of the poem.

A) abba cddc

B) abab cdcd

C) abcb abcb

D) aabb ccdd

9. What does the "Dust of Snow" represent in the poem?

A) Healing power of nature

B) Coming of winter

C) Particles of dirt

D) Death

10.The crow and the Hemlock tree are generally considered as:
A) Positive symbols
B) Negative symbols
C) Neutral symbols
D) Symbols of wealth.

 

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A Letter to God: Summary, Analysis, and Question Answers

A Letter to God: Summary, Analysis, and Question Answers

   April 04, 2026       RSC

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 A LETTER TO GOD

Summary of the Lesson- 

       The story A Letter to God  deals with Lencho's strong believe  in God. Lencho was a poor yet dedicated farmer. When he  hoped for a good harvest a hailstorm suddenly destroyed all his crops. This made him very sad. But he had a strong faith in God. He was certain that God would definitely help him if he asks for. Thus, he decided to write a letter to God stating his problems. He requested God to send him one hundred pesos in order  to sow his fields again and protect his family from starvation. He went to the post office and dropped it into  the mailbox.

An employee or  postman collected the letter from the letterbox, and took it to the Postmaster who laughed heartily after reading the letter. But the post Master was  moved by the faith of the poor farmer on God. He praised the poor farmer’s faith in God and decided to help him at any cost. Then he asked the employees of the post office to contribute some amount of money , collected from his friends' and he, himself gave a part of his salary so that Lencho’s faith in God is not disturbed. But the money collected was a little less than what Lencho had requested from God (70 pesos out of 100). He then put all the money collected in an envelope, wrote God on the letter and kept it ready for the poor farmer.

The following Sunday, Lencho went to the post office to check if there was a letter for him. The postmaster gently handed over the letter to him. Lencho was not surprised at all to see the letter with money inside the envelope. He confidently opened the envelope to count the money but became angry when he saw that there were only seventy pesos in it. He was sure that God could have never made such a grave mistake. He instantly went to the window to ask for paper and ink and wrote another letter to God, and dropped it into the letterbox. Lencho arrived the following week, asked about any reply from God-if any, took the the money from the envelop. After he counted it, again he wrote a letter and put it in the letter box, After he  had left the place, the postmaster opened and read his second letter immediately. In it, Lencho wrote to God that he had  requested for one hundred pesos, but he was sad enough to find seventy pesos inside. He even blamed the post office employees and felt that they must have stolen the remaining thirty pesos from his envelope. He urged God to send him the rest of the money since he was in urgent need of it. However, he requested God not to send the money through the mail because Lencho thought that the post office employees were ‘a bunch of crooks’ who might have stolen the remaining money from the envelope.

 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR--

      This story is written by G.L. Fuentes. He was a great Mexican poet and novelist. The message that the author wants to delicately convey to his readers is that – a common man’s faith in God and humanity still prevails in society. Lencho is just an example.

Textual Question answers:

1. What did Lencho hope for?

Answer-

Lencho hoped for a downpour or at least a shower for his ripe corn fields.

 2. Why did Lencho say the raindrops were like ‘new coins’?

Answer-

Lencho, the needy  farmer, compared the raindrops to ‘new coins’. He considered the big drops as ten-cent pieces and the little ones as fives. Since his crops were ready for harvest, he hoped that the rains would bring him wealth. Hence, he compared the raindrops with ‘new coins’.

3. How did the rain change? What happened to Lencho’s fields?

Answer:

In front of Lencho’s eyes the rain started pouring down as he expected. But in an instant a strong wind blew and very large hailstones began to fall along with rain. The hailstorm continued for an hour and destroyed Lencho’s entire corn field and also all the flowers from the plants of his cultivation.

4. What were Lencho’s feelings when the hail stopped?

Answer:

As soon as the hailstones stopped, Lencho’s soul was filled with sadness. He witnessed that everything of his cultivation was ruined by the hailstorm instantly. Nothing was left even to feed his family for that year.

Oral Comprehension: 

Page 6

 1.Who or what did Lencho have faith in? What did he do?

Answer:

Lencho, the needy farmer had a strong faith in God. He believed that God’s eyes can see everything, even what is deep in one’s conscience. So he wrote a letter to God stating that he needed a hundred pesos to sow his field and feed his family that year.

2.Who read the letter?

Answer:

An employee  collected the letter and the Postmaster read Lencho’s letter addressed to God and laughed at it  as well.

 3.What did the Postmaster do then?

Answer:

In the beginning, having read the letter, the Postmaster laughed loudly. But very soon he became serious thinking over Lencho’s strong faith in God. He didn’t like to shake the Lencho’s faith in the God. Therefore, he came up with an idea to collect money from his employees and friends, give a part of his salary and sent it to Lencho through an envelop.

Oral Comprehension Check

 Page 7

1. Was Lencho surprised to find a letter for him with money in it?

Answer:

Not at all, Lencho was not surprised receiving a letter from God with money in it. He was very confident and had strong faith in God that his request was specially considered by Him.

2. What made him angry?

Answer:

As soon as Lencho counted the money, he found only seventy pesos, instead of the hundred pesos which he demanded or asked for. He was confident that God could neither make a mistake, nor could he have denied Lencho what he had requested for. So he understood that the post office employees must have stolen thirty pesos from the envelope. According to him they are ‘a bunch of crooks’.

EXERCISE:::

1.Why does Lencho have complete faith in god ? Which sentence in the story tell you this?

Ans: Lencho has complete faith in god. The sentences which indicate this are--

A) There was single hope: help from god.

B) All through the night Lencho thought only of his one hope: the help of god.

C) 'God', he wrote, :if you donot help me my family and I will go hungry thisyear.'

D) He wrote to God on the envelop, put the letter inside.

2. Why does the Post Master send money to lencho? Why does he sign the letter 'God' ?

Ans: In order to keep Lencho's faith in god alive, the postmaster sends the letter to the farmer. In fact, the postmaster become serious as soon as he reads Lencho's letter. He wished that he had the same faith in god. Then, when he saw that Lencho had requested for money, the postmaster struck to his resolution that he would reply to the letter of the old man along with money.

    Finally, he took steps to accumulate as much as money that he could and send it to Lencho. He even signed it 'God' so that Lencho's faith in god might not get shaken by any means.

3. Did Lencho try to find out who had sent the money to him ? Why / why not ?

Ans: No, Lencho did not try to find out who had sent the money along with the letter to him.He did not even suspect that it could be somebody else other than God. He had so strong faith in god that it was none but god himself sent him the letter and money as he asked for.

4. Who does Lencho think has taken the rest of the money? What is the irony of the situation?

Ans: After opening the letter and getting seventy pesos, Lencho thought that the post office employees had taken away rest of the money sent by God.

      The irony of the situation is that the post office employees whom he called 'bunch of crooks' were, in fact some kind hearted and helpful persons who came forward to help the old farmer in the name of charity.

5. Are there people like Lencho in the world ?

 What kind of a person would you say he is? You may select appropriate words from the box to answer the question.

    Greeddy, stupid, ungarteful, selfish, comical, 

...There may be some people like Lencho in the real world. He may be regarded as kind person.

6. There are two kinds of conflicts in the story between humans and nature and between human themselves. How are these conflicts illustrated ?

Ans: As far as destruction of Lencho's crops by the hailstorm is concerned, it is an illustration of the conflict between human beings and nature. The violent nature has destroyed Lencho's hope.

       On the other hand, Lencho blamed and accused of the post office employees of taking away his money inspite of the fact that they helped  him  with money.

ADDITIONAL QUESTION ANSWERS::

1. Who is Lencho?

Ans; Lencho was a hard working farmer who had blind faith in god.                

2. Pesos is the currency of ______

Ans: Latin America.

3. What did Lencho's field need ?

Ans: Lencho's field needed a downpour or a shower.

4.What was the woman preparing ?

Ans: The woman was preparing supper.

5.What were the older and younger ones doing?

Ans;; The older  boys were working in the field while the smaller one's were playing near the house.

6.What pleasure did the man feel on his body?

Ans: The man felt the pleasure of the rain water on his body.

7.What according to Lencho are new coins?

Ans: the rain drops

8.What is ten cent pieces?

Ans: The big drop of rains are ten cent pieces.

9. What according to Lencho did resemble new silver coins?

Ans:The hail stones resemble new silver coins.

10. What is frozen pearls?

Ans: The snow balls of ice are called frozen pearls.

11. What did Lencho compare the large hailstones to?

Ans: He compared them to "new silver coins."

12. For how long did the hail rain on the house and the garden?

Ans: The hail rained for an hour.

13. What was the state of the corn field after the storm? 

Ans: The corn was totally destroyed and the flowers were gone from the plants.

14. What did Lencho say a "plague of locusts" would have done?

Ans: He said a plague of locusts would have left more than what the hailstorm did.

15. To whom did Lencho write the letter? 

Ans: He wrote the letter to God.

16. How much money did Lencho ask God for in his first letter?

Ans: He asked for one hundred pesos.

17. What was the postmaster’s idea to keep Lencho’s faith alive?

Ans: His idea was to answer the letter by sending the money requested.

18. How did Lencho react when he received seventy pesos instead of a hundred?

Ans: He became angry and thought the post office employees had stolen the rest.

19. What did Lencho call the post office employees in his second letter? 

Ans: He called them a "bunch of crooks.

20. "How did Lencho sign the second letter?

Ans: He signed it "Lencho."

Character Sketches (3 Marks Each)

1. Character Sketch of Lencho:

Lencho is the protagonist of the story, portrayed as a man of unwavering faith and immense hard work. He is described as an "ox of a man" due to his dedication to his fields. Despite his poverty, he possesses a simple and innocent mind; he does not find it unusual to write a letter to God and expects a direct reply. However, his extreme faith also makes him somewhat naive and suspicious, as he fails to recognize the human kindness of the post office employees, mistakenly calling them a "bunch of crooks."

2. Character Sketch of the Postmaster :

The Postmaster is a fat, amiable, and sensitive individual who serves as the representative of humanity in the story. Initially, he laughs at Lencho’s letter, but he quickly becomes serious, moved by the farmer's deep faith. He is a generous and empathetic leader who goes out of his way to collect money from his employees and gives up a part of his own salary to help a stranger. His primary motive is to ensure that Lencho’s "faith in God" remains unshaken, showing that kindness often works in anonymous ways.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Where was Lencho's house situated? 

A) In a city

B) On the crest of a low hill

C) In a valley

D) Near the forest

Ans: B) On the crest of a low hill

2. What did Lencho compare the large raindrops to? 

A) Silver coins

B) Pearls

C) New coins

D) Diamonds

Ans: C) New coins

3. Which crop was growing on Lencho's fields?

A) Barley

B) Corn

C) Rice

D) Wheat

Ans: B) Corn

4. What destroyed Lencho's fields? 

A) Heavy rainfall

B) A flood

C) A hailstorm

D) A landslide

Ans: C) A hailstorm

5. The field looked as if it were covered in ______ after the storm. 

A) Salt

B) Sugar

C) Ice

D) Cotton

Ans: A) Salt

6. Lencho compared the quantum of damage with: 

A) An attack by rats

B) A plague of locusts

C) A fire

) None of the above

Ans: B) A plague of locusts

7. What was the only hope left in the hearts of Lencho's family?

A) Help from the government

B) Help from neighbors

C) Help from God

D) Help from the bank

Ans: C) Help from God

8. How much money did Lencho ask for? 

A) 100 pesos

B) 70 pesos

C) 1000 pesos

D) 50 pesos

Ans: A) 100 pesos

9. What was the postmaster's first reaction on seeing the letter?

A) He felt sad

B) He broke out laughing

C) He got angry

D) He ignored it

Ans: B) He broke out laughing

10. Why did the postmaster decide to reply to the letter? A) He was a good man

B) To preserve Lencho's faith in God

C) He knew Lencho personally

D) He wanted the money

Ans: B) To preserve Lencho's faith in God

11. How much money was the postmaster able to arrange? A) 100 pesos

B) Nil

C) 1000 pesos

D) 70 pesos

Ans: D) 70 pesos

12. How did Lencho feel when he counted the money? A) Grateful

B) Joyful

C) Angry

D) Relieved

Ans: C) Angry

13. What did Lencho think of the post office employees? A) Helpful people

B) A bunch of crooks

C) Unkind people

D) Proud people

Ans: B) A bunch of crooks

14. What did Lencho ask God NOT to do in his second letter? A) Not to help him again

B) Not to send the money through mail

C) Not to forgive the postmaster

D) Not to send less money

Ans: B) Not to send the money through mail

15. What is the irony in this story? A) Lencho was sad after the rain even though he wanted it.

B) The postmaster laughed but then helped Lencho.

C) Lencho blamed the people who actually helped him.

D) There was no help from God.

Ans: C) Lencho blamed the people who actually helped him.

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THE ROAD NOT TAKEN.........By Robert Frost

THE ROAD NOT TAKEN.........By Robert Frost

   April 01, 2026       RSC

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ABOUT THE POEM.........

"The Road Not Taken" was composed  by the noted American poet Robert Frost. 

His The Road Not Taken is   a famous poem about making choices in human life. This poemi is  often interpreted as a celebration of individual decision for taking the "less travelled" path or route. This very  poem actually explores the difficulty of choices, as the speaker admits both paths looked  same in that morning. finally after smooth observation he chose the less travelled path and resolved that  he will be telling with sigh in future that his choice or  decision "made all the difference". 

ABOUT THE POET....

This well known poem was written by the famous American poet Robert Frost in 1915, "The Road Not Taken" is a famous nature poem. Frost was a  four-time Pulitzer Prize winner. He used traditional rhyme and meter to explore complex human isolation in his poems. His famous works of poem include "The Road Not Taken," "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening," "Mending Wall" and many more.

TEXT (of the poem)

 THE ROAD NOT TAKEN

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,

And sorry I could not travel both

And be one traveler, long I stood

And looked down one as far as I could

To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then took the other, as just as fair,

And having perhaps the better claim,

Because it was grassy and wanted wear;

Though as for that the passing there

Had worn them really about the same,

And both that morning equally lay

In leaves no step had trodden black.

Oh, I kept the first for another day!

Yet knowing how way leads on to way,

I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—

I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference.

THINKING ABOUT THE TEXT...

1. Where does the traveller find himself? What problem does he face?

Ans:- One morning the traveler found himself at apoint in a yellow wood which diverged into two different directions.

2. Discuss what these phrases  mean to you.

A) A yellow wood.

B) It was grassy and wanted wear.

C) The passing there.

D)Leaves no step had trodden black.

E) How way leads on the way.

Ans:-a) Here, yellow wood stands for the woods in the autumn season. In this season, leaves turn to ripe before they fall in winter.

B) It means that the road had grass as it was less travelled by the common passers by or traveler.

C) 'Passing there means walking through the road.

D) This means the leaves had not been crushed under the feet of the passer by.

E) This means that one road takes us to many other roads in day to day life.

3. Is there any difference between the two roads as the poet describe them ?

Ans:- Yes, there is difference between the two roads in stanza two and three.. Although in that morning both the roads looked equally lay, the first one seemed much travelled. On the other hand the other one was less travelled since it had wanted wear.

2. In the last two lines of the poem?

Ans:- In the last two lines of the poem the poet tells that the road that he chose-is less travelled by. This has made all difference in his life.

4. What do you think the last two lines of the poem mean ?

Ans:- In the last two lines the poet has clarified that his choice of the less travelled road has made all difference in his life .It mans that the occupation he had chosen is not common.

        Moreover, the poet does not regret of his choice. He says that choices are irrevocable.

INSIDE / EXTRA QUESTION - ANSWER:

1.Who is the poet of the poem ?

Ans:- Robert Frost is the poet.

2. How many roads were there before the poet?

Ans:- There were two roads before the poet.

3.Why did the forest look yellow/

Ans: The forest looked yellow because it was covered with yellow coloured leaves of trees.'

4. Where did the road diverge ?

Ans: The road diverged in a yellow wood into two directions.

5. Why did the poet (traveler) chose the other road?

Ans: The poet (traveler) chose the other road because it seemed better, grassy and with wanted wear.

6. Why was the traveler confused in choosing one of the two roads?

Ans; The speaker was confused to choose , for both the roads looked same in that morning.

7. Why did the traveler chose the less travelled road?

Ans: The traveler chose the less travelled road since it was grassy and with wanted wear.

8. What made all the difference?

Ans: The poet's choice of the less travelled road had made all the difference, which he would say with a sigh in future.

DIFFICULT WORS MEANING::

Bent-- curved or angular

Cllaim-- assert strongly

B) 

I. Where does traveler find himself ? What problem did he face?

Ans: The traveler found himself ina yellow wood where the road diverged into two.

    

   The problem that he faced was that he could not choose which road he should follow.

Ii) Why did the poet feel like travelling both the roads?

Ans: The poet felt like travelling both the roads as both the roads looked yellow, untrodden and equally fair and promising.

Iii)What was the doubt in the poet's mind ?

Ans: The poet doubted that if he would be able to come back to travel the first road in future or not.

IV) What does the word 'wood' refer to in the poem?

Ans: The word 'wood' refers to a cluster of trees growing wild which look like a mini forest.

V) What is  'In leaves no step had trodden black'?

Ans; It means that the yellow  leaves lying on the roads were not crushed under the feet of any traveller till then.

VI) What does the "yellow wood" symbolize in the poem?

Ans: It symbolizes a forest during the autumn season, representing a transitional or mature phase of life.

VII). Why did the poet stand long at the fork in the road?

Ans: He was unsure which path to take because he could only see a limited distance down each, symbolizing a difficult life decision.

VIII) What is the overall theme of the poem?

Ans: The theme is that the choices we make, particularly those that are less popular, shape our lives and define our future.

IX)  What does the poet mean by "And that has made all the difference"?

Ans: It indicates that the choice of taking the less-traveled road resulted in a significant, lasting impact on his life.

X) What do the "two roads" symbolise?

Ans: :They symbolise the choices and decisions we face in life.

xi) What does "grassy and wanted wear" mean?

It means the path was covered in grass because fewer people had walked on it, making it look more inviting to the poet.

xii) Explain: "Way leads on to way."

This means that one decision in life leads to another, creating a path that makes it difficult to ever return to the starting point.

MCQ ------WITH ANSWERS:::

A. What does the "yellow wood" symbolize in the poem?

A) A forest with yellow flowers

B) A forest in the autumn season

C) A dying forest

D) A bright sunny day

                Answer: B) A forest in the autumn season 

2. Why did the poet choose the second road?

A) It was shorter

B) It was more scenic

C) It was grassy and needed wearing

D) It was paved

            Answer: C) It was grassy and needed wearing 

3. What is the theme or message of the poem?

A) To follow the crowd

B) Making the right decisions at the right time

C) To never take risks

D) The importance of nature

        Answer: B) Making the right decisions at the right time

4. What does the "diverging path" symbolize?

A) A crossroads in a forest

B) Decisions and choices in life

C) A difficult journey

D) The end of a journey

            Answer: B) Decisions and choices in life

5. Does the poet hope to take the other road someday?

A) Yes, he plans to come back

B) No, the poet knows that he  won't return

C) He has not decided

D) The poem doesn't say

        Answer: B) No, the poet knows that he  won't return

.....

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The Tiger King: Important Questions, Answers & Summary | HS 2nd Year Vistas

The Tiger King: Important Questions, Answers & Summary | HS 2nd Year Vistas

   March 31, 2026       RSC

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Introduction to "The Tiger King"

"The Tiger King" is a satirical story by the celebrated Tamil writer Kalki, which mocks the pride and stubbornness of those in power. The narrative follows the Maharaja of Pratibandhapuram, who spends his entire life trying to disprove a prophecy that he would be killed by a hundredth tiger. To avoid his fate, he ruthlessly hunts down ninety-nine tigers, showing a complete disregard for nature and the law.

Through sharp irony, the author explores themes of political high-handedness and the inevitability of fate, proving that death comes in the most unexpected ways. Ultimately, the story serves as a powerful critique of the "might is right" attitude and the callousness of human beings toward wildlife.

About the Author: Kalki (Ramaswamy Aiyer Krishnamurthy)

Ramaswamy Aiyer Krishnamurthy (1899–1954), better known by his pen name Kalki, was a prolific Tamil writer, journalist, and freedom fighter.He is celebrated for his historical novels and short stories, which often featured sharp social criticism and a unique blend of humor and irony.

Textual Question Answer--

1. Who is the Tiger King? Why does he get that name ?

Answer--

 The tiger king Sir Jilani Jung Jung Bahadur was the Maharaja of Prtibandhapuram.

 The king got this name because he was born on an astrological foretold. He came to this earth in the hour of Bull. In fact, the bull and the tiger are enemy.It was also foretold that the king would be the hero of the heroes. He would haunt ninety nine tigers but the hundredth tiger would be dangerous for hm. This is how Sir Jilani Jung Jung Bahadur got the name 'The Tiger King.'

2. What did the royal infant grow up to be ?

 Answer-

The royal infant (i,e- Sir Jillani Jung Jung Bahadur) grow up to be stronger. He was brought up under the influence of western culture. He was brought up by an English nanny, tutored in English by an Englishman. He watched nothing but English films. Later on, he took control of the kingdom at the age of 20 years. Very soon he started hunting tiger in the forest of the area. He argued that he killed tiger just for self defence.

3. What will the Maharaja do to find the required number of tiger to kill ?

Answer:

The Maharaja, to find the required number of tiger to kill, banned tiger hunting in his state Pratibandhapuram. But strangely enough this rule was not valid for him; since he was the king. Then within ten years he killed about seventy tigers.

However, when he could not fulfill his goal of killing upto the hundredth tiger, he was in need of a new forest with a huge tiger population. Then he married a royal family princess with a forest in dowry wherein a huge tiger population was there.

 

4. How will the maharaja prepare himself for the hundredth tiger which was supposed to decide his fate ?

Answer--

After the Maharaja was able to kill the ninety nine tiger, he needed one more. Even in his father-in-law's kingdom the number of tiger extinct. He wanted to get over his fear (of the astrologer's prediction0 by killing the last one.

One day his hopes began to rise as he heard that the sheep of a nearby hillside village began to disappear. The king was overwhelmed at the news. Being in a happy mood he announced a three year exemption of all taxes' for the village where there was possibility of tiger.

But it was unfortunate that no tiger was found by the officials. As a result, they had to lose their job. The angry Maharaja even ordered the Dewan to double the land tax.

At last to satisfy the angry king, an old tiger was brought from the people's park in Madras. The crazy king shot at it and assumed that the tiger was dead. Thus he got over his fear of death.

5. What will now happen to the astrologer? Do you think the prophecy was indisputably disproved ?

Answer: The astrologer had already passed away by the time the King "killed" the hundredth tiger, so he faced no consequences. However, the prophecy was not disproved. The hundredth tiger killed by the King was not actually dead (it was later killed by the hunters). Ironically, the King died from an infection caused by a silver of wood from a toy wooden tiger he bought for his son. Thus, the hundredth tiger (the toy) ultimately caused his death, proving the prophecy correct.

Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark Each)

1. Who is the author of the story "The Tiger King"?

Answer: The author is Ramaswamy Aiyer Krishnamurthy, better known by his pen name Kalki.

2. What was the name of the state the Tiger King ruled? 

Answer: He ruled the state of Pratibandhapuram.

3. At what age did the prince take the throne into his own hands? 

Answer: He took control of the kingdom at the age of twenty (20).

4. How many tigers did the Maharaja kill in his own state before they became extinct?

Answer: He killed seventy (70) tigers in his own kingdom.

5. What gift did the Maharaja buy for his son on his third birthday?

Answer: He bought a wooden toy tiger from a toy shop in the town.

6. Who actually killed the hundredth tiger?

Answer: The hunters killed the hundredth tiger because they realized it had only fainted and they feared losing their jobs if the King found out.

7. Why did the Maharaja decide to marry a girl from a royal family of a different state?

Answer: He married her so he could gain access to the large tiger population in his father-in-law's forests to complete his mission.

8. What was the price of the wooden tiger, and how much did the King actually pay? 

Answer: The actual price was two annas and a quarter, but the King was charged three hundred rupees as the shopkeeper feared punishment.

Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

1. What was the irony in the Tiger King’s death? 

Answer: The irony lies in the fact that after killing ninety-nine real, ferocious tigers, the Maharaja was killed by a poorly carved, wooden toy tiger. A tiny silver of wood from the toy pierced his hand, leading to a fatal infection. Thus, the hundredth tiger took its revenge, and the King could not escape his destiny.

2. How did the Maharaja manage to save his throne from the British officer? 

Answer: A high-ranking British officer wanted to hunt tigers in Pratibandhapuram, but the King refused. To prevent the officer from getting angry and seizing his kingdom, the Maharaja sent fifty expensive diamond rings to the officer's wife. She kept them all, costing the King three lakh rupees, but his throne was saved.

3. Why did the Maharaja double the land tax for a village? 

Answer: The Maharaja was frustrated and angry because the hundredth tiger could not be found. When the villagers mistakenly reported a tiger that later disappeared, his rage peaked. In his stubbornness and fury, he ordered the Dewan to double the land tax to punish the villagers for his own failure to find the prey.

4. How did the Dewan manage to provide the hundredth tiger? 

Answer: Fearing he would lose his job if a tiger wasn't found, the Dewan secretly brought an old, docile tiger from the People’s Park in Madras. He kept it hidden in his house and later hauled it to the forest where the King was hunting, leaving it there for the Maharaja to "find" and shoot.

5. What is the author's message or theme in "The Tiger King"? 

Answer: Kalki uses the story to satirize the vanity and ruthlessness of those in power. The theme highlights that man cannot conquer nature or destiny through force. It also serves as a critique of how rulers often neglect their duties and wildlife conservation just to satisfy their personal whims and egos.

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GEOGRAPHY , CLASS IX- LESSON-1:

GEOGRAPHY , CLASS IX- LESSON-1:

   March 30, 2026       RSC

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Q.1: Give an outline of the distribution of continenets and oceans of the world.

Ans: The surface of the earth is composed of 71% continenets and 29% oceans.

       In the continents there are plains, pleateaues, hills, mountains, rivers, valleys, deserts and coastal plains are found. Whereas in the oceans submerged plains, ridges, trenches, coral reels are found.

Q.2: Explain why there has been change over the earth's surface ?

Ans: The surface of the earth is never uniform. The natural factors take time to mark its impact, but they have long time effects. These factors include exogenic factors and endogenic factors.

     The modification of the surface of the earth due to exogenic facto is known as changes of the earth's surface.

Q.3: What is meant by exogenic factor ? Mention some exogenic factors .

Ans: The exogenic factors or forces are those natural forces which act upon the earth's surface externally. Tjese factors mainly include sunshine, wind, rain, river glacier and sea waves.

Q.4: Why are earthquake and volvcanic eruptions are  called endogenic factors ?

Ans: earthquake and volcanic eruptions are called endogenic factors because these factors operate in the earth's interior as well as inthe ocean bottoms.

Q.5: What do you mean by river basin ? Draw a diagram of river basin .

Ans: A river basin is an area from where the river along with their network of tributories carry water. All rivers along with its tribitories from their own river basin. 

  Diagram (see book)

Q.6. What is tributory / name two major tributories of the Brahmaputra.

Ans: Tributory is a river or a stream flowig into a large river or lake.

        The two major tribitories of the river Brahmaputre are- Dibang and Sobansiri

Q.7: Give an outline of river erosion.

Ans: Erosion means 'wearing out' of the river surface. It is one of the major river activities.When a river flows down from a highland to a lowland, it erodes the basin surface.The erosional works mainly depends upon geological formation of the channel. There is less erosional activity in the plain areas than the highland.

Q.8. What do you mean by lateral erosion of a river?

Ans: River water falling from highland reaches the lowland or plains with a decline of slope towards the plain. The flow of water reduces towards the plain and river channel becomes wider.  The river bank erosion in the plain areas is called bank or lateral erosion.

Q.9: What is Ox-bow lake ? Draw diagram to show how it is formed ?

Ans: In certain parts of the plain, the river channel may be highly meandering. Such a course fails to carry huge amount of water during summer. Then the river straightens its course leaving the widening course aside.The cut off part then takes the form of a lake like a horse-shoe.This is called horse-shoe lake.

 Diagram (see book)

Q.10: What is floodplain ? Write how it is formed .

Ans:  While in the middle and lower curse, sediments are deposited on the bed and the banks of river. Due to this kind of continuous sediment deposition, alluvial plains are dormed on both the banks. Such plains are claaed flood plain.

       The flood plains are fertile and suitable for cultivation. Extensive flood plains are there on the banks of the  rivers like the Brahmaputra, Ganga, Indus etc.

Q.11; Write how and where sandbars are formed i a river channel?

Ans: The sandbars are formed by the sediments on the river bed. They form both on the sides and the middle of the river bed. They are of various shape and size. During rainy season, speedy water current wipes away them.Again when the river water subsides, the sandbars are visible.

Q.12: How are the deltas formed ?

Ans: In the shallow viver or sea side area, small  islands take shape looking like assames 'b' (greek -...) These islands are called delta. Ther are found in the river mouth. 

Q.13: Write why the wind action is strong in the desets.?

Ans: Inthe deserts also the wind action passes through three stages- erosion, transportation and deposition. This causes change over them. So the wind action is strong in deserts..

Q.14; What is meant by Deflation ?

Ans: Sand and dust are easily transported from one part to the other . This type of blowing away of sand and dust is called deflation.

Q.15: How are sand dunes formed ?

Ans: Ths sand and dust transported through deflation get deposited in certain places, where surface may be raised gradually to form hills. These hills are called sand dunes.

Q.16: What is 'Inselberg'?

Ans: The german term 'inselberg' means isolated island mountain. In fact, inselberg is formed due to abrasion of the highlands.

Q.17: Define glaciers and state how it differs from a river.

Ans:  The extremely cold areas of th earth's surface are under ice cover. Such areas include the polar and the high mountainous part. There are huge amount of ice in such areas. The deposits of ice come down slowly over the surface slope. Such moving ice down the slope's is called glacier.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEEN GLACIER AND RIVER.

GLACIER:

Glacier is ice and snow. It is pre-stage of water and does not depend on rainfall.. Its movement is very slow. Glacier is found mainly in cold countries and continents.

RIVER;

On the other hand river carries water. Its basic source is rainfall. Rivers have channel and depends on climatic condition.Some rivers dry in winter season,whereas some remain full with water whole year.

Q.18: What is moraine ? Draw a diagram to show different types of moraine.

Ans: The glaciers in the mountain carry lot of materials other than ice. Such materials are called moraine.

Moraines are four types:

I) Lateral moraine.

Ii) Ground moraine.

Iii) Medial moraine.

Iv)Terminal moraine.

   Generally moraines go through the portion between the steep valley side and the moving ice.

Q.19: Write how the glacier horn is formed ?

Ans: The glacier channels are long with U shaped cross profile. Due to the friction caused by the transported materials, the glacier channels become deep. Several glacier may flow down from some mountain. In such situation, the erosional activities on all sides of the mountain make its peak sharp. Such peaks are called glacial horn. 

Q.20: What is coast ?

Ans: The land margins of the oceasn and seas are called coast. In fact, a large part of the earth's surface (about 71%) is covered by ocaens.

Q. 21: What is beach beach ? State its importance.

Ans: A sand deposited vast plain  area  found in the sea shore is called beach.This area is mainly formed of sand.

   Beach is attractive , hence tourists visit that area for refreshment and enjoying vacations. There are a large number of commercial beach in this world.

Q.22: Write how sea- waves bring about change inthe coasts >

Ans: Sometimes big earthquakes which occur in the ocean cracks the sea floor. Then water rush out from the sea floor. It produces  dangerous water waves in the ocean. Such waves attain great height outside and reach out the sea shore . Also the wave water cause extensive damage to the coast. This type of devastating waves are called Tsunami.

Q.23: Connect the arrows the factors and the features on the basis of their cause -effect relation.

Ans: River--------Flood plain, V-shaped valley,                                    sandbar, Horse-shoe lake,                                       Delta.

   Wind-------------yardang, Sand dune

    Glacier----------U-shaped valley, Lateral                                          moraine, 

    Sea-wave--------beach.

Q.24: Think and write about the probable changes of the earth's surface in future.

Ans: The exoginic factors act upon the earth's surface very slowly.   On the other hand, the endogenic factors suddenly cause extensive change over the earth and disturb the balance of its surface.

     In fact, the present pattern of our earth is the result of both the endogenic and exogenic factors. In future also these factors will continue their activities for further change in it's surface in course of time.

INSIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS::

1. What percentage of earth's surface are respectively water and land?

Ans: Water (hudrosphere)- 71%

        Land (landmass/continent)--29%

2.Write two names of exogenic factors.

Ans: sunshine, wind

3. What are the groups of river work ?

Ans:  Three --- Erosion, transportation and deposition.

4. Where are the works of river is evident ?

Ans: River channel.

5. What is a river channel ?

Ans: River channel means the elongated path through which the river flowa from source to mouth.

6. Where are the delta formed?

Ans: A delta is a landform. It forms from the deposition of sediments carried by a river water.

7. Write two name of wind related hazards .

Ans: Hurrican, Typhon.

8. Where is wind action is dangerous?

Ans: deserts.

9. The word 'inselberg' is taken from  ____?

Ans: German.

10. Write name of a basin .

Ans: Tarim basin.

11. Write two features formed by a river.

Ans: Leeves, delta.

12. What is the total length of coastline in the world?

Ans; 0.5 km.

13. The geographic feature formed by wind is called _______

Ans: yardang.

14. What is the other name of river bank erosion ?

Ans: Lateral erosion.

15. What is meandering course of river?

Ans: The river bank erosion makes the river more zigzag. Such a zigzag course is called Meandering course.

16. Where is Deepar bill located?

Ans: Guwahati.

17.What are the ways that a river carries away the sediments?

Ans: three ways--dissolved state, suspended state and rolling state.

18. Name the biggest river island and the place where it is located.

Ans: majuli, it is located in Majuli (river-Brahmaputra).

19. What is sand dunes.?

Ans: A kind of hills formed by sands are called sand dunes.

20. What are the types of Moraine ?

Ans: lateral, ground, medial and terminal.

21. Where is Chandubi Beel located ?

Ans: Rani, Guwahati.

22. When did devastating earthquake occured in Assam?

Ans: in 1950..

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION ANSWERS(MCQ)

     

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