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DEGREE OF COMPARISON || CHANGE OF ADJECTIVE || ENGLISH GRAMMAR

   November 21, 2023      

CHANGE OF DEGREE INTO POSITIVE - COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE. 

An adjective has three forms. ...
  Positive, Comparative and Superlative. 

Example of Adjective:::

Positive               Comparative        Superlative

Good                    better                   best
Strong            more strong        most strong
Gentle            more gentle         most gentle
Great              greater                   greatest
Clever             more clever         most clever
Powerful        more powerful     most powerful
Heavy              heavier                  heaviest
Weak               weaker                  weakest
Sincere            more sincere      most sincere
White                whiter                  whitest
Famous           more famous      most famous
Tight                more tight            most tight
Fast                  faster                   fastest

Thus we find a long list of adjective. In degree of comparison the main point is ADJECTIVE which is to change into its threeforms. 

Example:: 

1) He is a good boy - positive degree  OR
No other boy is as good as he. 

2) He is better than any other boys Comparative. 

3) He is the best boy- Superlative degree. 

Now we find three formula when we change one degree to other. They are. 

A). Positive: No other+ S+auxiliary+as+ P. D(adj)+ as+ extended part of sentence                 ( remaining) . 

B) Comparative : S+auxiliary+C.D(adj)+than any other+remaining sentence. 

C) Superlative: S+auxiliary+the+S.D(asj) + remaining. 

Exercise Solved:: 

1) Anil is a good cricketer. (Change into Comp & Sup) 
Ans: 
Anil is better than any other cricketer. (Comp) 
Anil is the best cricketer (superlative) 

2)  Light travels faster than anything else. (Positive)
Ans: No other thing travels as fast as light. 

3) Apple is the best fruit. (Positive) 
Ans: No other fruit is as good as apple. 

4) Honesty is better than any other policy.(Sup) 
Ans: Honesty is the best policy. 

5) Snow is the whitest of all substance.(Pos) 
Ans: No other substance is as white as  snow. 

6) Misery is the greatest mystery. (Pos/comp) 
Ans: No other mystery is as great as misery. 
        Misery is greater than any other mystery. 

7) This is heavier than any other box. (Pos) 
Ans: No other box is as heavy as this. 

8) English is most famous language. (com) 
Ans: English is better than any other language. 


IN CASE OF COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO THINGS OR PERSON  --

1) 'Not' is used. ... &
2) that sentence can't be changed into Superlative. 


Example:
1) Amal is more fat than Binal. (Pos) 
Ans: Bimal is not as fat as Amal. 
 
2) Father is not as clever as the son. 
Ans: The son is coeverer  than the father. 

3) This pen is better than that. 
Ans: That is not as good as this pen. 

THERE IS ONE MORE TYPE OF DEGREE. FOR EXAMPLE:: 
 Ram is one of the best boys in the class.(sup) 
( change into positive/comp/) 

(Meaning of this sentence is that like Ram 2) 3 more students are there in the class.) 
 
Answer:

Positive:  Very few boys are as good as Ram in the class. 
Comp: Ram is better than most other boys in the class.

  Formula :

Positive: veryfew+s+auxiliary+as+p.d+as+  extended sentence
 Ex: Very few boys are as happy as Rohit. 

Comparative: N+ auxiliary+c.d+ than+ most other+remaining sentence. 
Ex: Rohit is more happy than most other boys. 

Superlative: N+auxiliary+one of the+S.d+remaining sentence. 
Ex: Rohit is one of the most happy boys. 

Exercise Solved: 

1)  very few boys are as good as he (c/s) 
Ans: He is better than most other boys. 
         He is one of the best boys. 

2) The Brahmaputra is one of the longest rivers in the world. (P/C) 
Ans: The Brahmaputra is longer than most other rivers I India. 
   Very few rivers in India are as long as the Brahmaputra.. 




  

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• November 21, 2023 0 $type={blogger}

SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION || INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE || HOW TO CHANGE SENTENCE INTO INTERROGATIVE.

   November 14, 2023      

HOW TO CHANGE SENTENCE INTO INTERROGATIVE::


Transformation of Sentence is a vast topic. It includes Interrogative Sentence also. 


To transform a sentence into Interrogative the following rules are to be followed. 


1) If the Sentence contains a helping/ auxiliary verb then bring & put it in the beginning of the sentence & add a question mark at the end of the sentence. 


2) If there is not any auxiliary very in the sentence, then use Did in Past tense (sentence) and Do/Does in Present Tense Sentence (as per pronoun). 


3) REMEMBER::
 Nobody --- Anybody
    Never ---- Ever


EXERCISE SOLVED... 


1) He looks at me (without a helping verb) 
Answer: Does he look at me? 


2) I follow his order. (No helping verb) 
Answer: Do I follow his order? 


3) They have done the work. (with auxiliary) 
Answer: Have they done the work? 


4) We ordered a new book. (No auxiliary) 
Answer: Did we order a new book.? 

5)  A man is singing a song. (with helping) 
Answer: Is a man singing a song? 

6) He did his works on time. (No helping verb) 
Answer: Did he do his works on time? 

7) No one met us. (no helping verb) 
Answer: Did anyone meet us? 

 8) I have never seen the Tajmahal. (with helping) 
Answer: Have I ever seen the Tajmahal? 

9) She likes tea. (no helping verb) 
Answer: Does she like tea.? 

10) We watered the plants. (no helping verb) 
Answer: Did we water the plants? 

11) He longs for holiday. 
Answer: Does he long for holiday? 

12) I go to theatre everyday. 
Answer: Do I go to theatre everyday? 

13) My friend plays cricket  very well. 
Answer: Does my friend play cricket very well? 


CHANGE INTO NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE::

In this case we need to take help of no, not, none etc.
  
Exercise solved: 

1) I wake up at 5am daily. 
Answer: Do I not wake up at 5am daily? 

2) My friend reached home late. 
Answer: Did my friend not reach home late? 

3) Suraj walks 5km regularly. 
Answer: Does Suraj not walk 5km daily? 

4) Ajanta looks after her grandmother. 
Answer: Does Ajanta not look after her grandmother? 

5) He was waiting for the bus. 
Answer: Was he not waiting for the bus? 

6) She met my uncle on the road. 
Answer: Did she not meet my uncle on the road? 

7) It is 5pm by my watch. 
Answer: Is is not 5pm by my watch? 

8) My father is a very angryan. 
Answer: Is not my father a very angry man? 


EXERCISE::

1) My uncle works hard. 

2) He is waiting on the road. 

3) They performed well. 

4) The player has jumped over the wall. 

5) It is very hot now. 

6) I shall help my brother. 

7) An orange fell down. 

8) I lost my adress. 

9) They have invited us. 

10) A beggar was waiting at the gate. 

11) Anita bought a new watch. 

12) I could not open the gate. 

13) The player threw the ball. 

14) I must write the answer. 

15) He visits the station daily. 

16) They don't work hard. 

17) She did not buy a new pen

18) I have to read this book. 

19) The earth is a planet. 

20) we should go for morning walk daily. 




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• November 14, 2023 0 $type={blogger}

FACTUAL DESCRIPTION || WRITING

   October 26, 2023      

FACTUAL DESCRIPTION  means writing a realistic piece. It may be written on variety of topics, such as ' How to make tea', How to take Admission', etc.. 



The first and prime factor in factual description is that ability to write one's own sentence. If a student can't write his or her own correct sentences, it is not possible to attempt this topic. 

   The purpose behind Factual Description is to test a students composition ability. 



How to attempt factual Description:;
1) Go through the given question. 
2) Arrangements of idea or thought. 
3) Give a suitable title &Write as per sequence. 
4) Make paragraphs. 
5) Finish in a convincing manner. 



EXERCISE SOLVED::
1) How to make tea. 
2) How to take admission in a college. 
3) How to Open a Bank Account. 
4) My First Day in College. 
5) Arranging a Picnic. 



HOW TO MAKE TEA.. 

Tea is a soft drink. It's also beverage. Every person worldwide drinks tea. However, in every household tea is made everyday. Making tea is a very simple task. Before making tea, it is necessary to keep a container ready. Then ingredients like water, sugar, tea leaf and gas stove need to be ready. First of all boiling water is compulsory. When water boils upto a  level, then tea leaf is to be put into hot water and also sugar, then more boiling is required. When  the two ingredients mixed properly with hot water, then at a point oven should be stopped and pour tea into the cups. If necessary pour milk into tea to make it more delicious. 


HOW TO TAKE ADMISSION IN A COLLEGE. 

Any student after passing board examination pursued 10+2 level of studies. S/he opts for admission into HS classes. In fact, admission. Forms are collected from the counter of the college. Then after filling the columns properly in black ink, it should be submitted to the concerned person with photocopies of educational certificates within due date. When due date is over, the authority prepares the merit list of the students who are likely to get admission on the basis of their marks.  Once the merit list is published for all, the next moment admission begins. In the day of your turn, be present in the Hall/auditorium with all original certificates. When your turn comes verify them with the board members and deposit your admission fees and confirm admission. 



3) HOW TO OPEN A BANK ACCOUNT:

A bank account is an essential part of everyone's life. When a person keeps his own bank account, his money is safe. But opening a bank account is also a long process. It is known that reputed banks like SBI, AXIS, HDFC etc do not give this chance any time. For an educated person opening an account is an easy task in the sense that he can fill on the form himself. After collecting and filling in the form properly it is to be submitted to the counter. Passport photo, signature are compulsory and also an introducer is needed. There are option for check book and ATM, CREDIT CARD also. If anyone wants can apply for these also. However, after submission of the form, one may wait 15/20 days to receive the A/C by post. Once it is received by post, if any problem arises, one may approach the bank for solution. 


MY FIRST DAY IN COLLEGE::

After taking admission in a college and waiting for the first day of class is really interesting. Before going to college a sense of anxiety prevails in heart since there is a chance of ragging. Of course ragging is a illegal behavior and often considered a crime. Still, I went to college having such a sense. When I entered the college premises, I felt nervous. I was afraid of encountering any rude senior student who might show me ill manner. As I proceeded to our classroom, I saw one my friend. He accompanied me to their classroom. We sat together and attended the first class. The teacher was very friendly who took our introduction. He taught us a little about History. I even came to know that his name was Mr. Das. I didn't attend any more class on that day. As I reached home it was almost 3pm.Thus my first day in College had been very pleasant. 

ARRANGING A PICNIC:

 Almost every person is passionate about picnic. It's a seasonal activity or outing. Every year we go for picnic since winter begins. Usually people go to natural landscape where they can enjoy in nature's lap for a while. They select such places where there is stream, hills, flora and fauna and so forth. It's a way to get momentary relief from everyone's daily routine. It's also a joint adventure or journey. After reaching the spot and taking breakfast, people take part in different activities. As time moves on they move here and there and finally come back to take lunch. Once they take lunch, they feel tired and enjoy gossiping, dancing and such other activities. Then at the end of the day they come back home. 

  

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• October 26, 2023 0 $type={blogger}

AMPLIFICATION OR EXPANSION OF THOUGHT.

   October 21, 2023      

The word 'amplify' means to enlarge or to  expand. Amplification 

of ideas means the enlargement of certain thoughts in detail. 



How to start::

1. Read the 'epigram' well. 

2.Arrange thoughts in mind. 

3. Describe  keeping link among sentences. 

4. Write in present tense ( sometimes may use other tense). 




QUESTIONS for Amplification::


1) Rome was not built in a day. 


2) Honesty is the best policy. 


3) Cut your coat according to your cloth. 


4) Charity begins at home. 


5) No pain  no gain. 


6) All the glitters is not gold. 


7) Failures are the pillars of success. 



ANSWER:::



1) ROME WAS NOT BUILT IN A DAY. 


Rome was an ancient prosperous city. It was famous for it's wealth & glory. But it took time
 to make it a prosperous. The continuous efforts of it's countrymen changed it into a  glorious state. They toiled day and night and then developed their country. Similarly, in human life also nothing can be gained easily. Behind every success there is hard work, sacrifice and prolonged perseverance. It is said that hard work is the only key to success. It is seen that many people fail in life due to lack of patience. Whereas some others become successful by virtue of  their relentless hard work. So, we must learn that  one must work hard to be successful in life. 





2)  HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY::


Honesty is a quality in manner, words, thought and action. It's a virtue and quality. It's very important in everyone's life. Honest people are are respected everywhere. Such people can keep their reputation for long time. They work sincerely and being punctual. So, they take much time to  prosper in life, but such property lasts longer. Where as dishonest people are never sincere and adopt easy or Short cut ways to be successful in life, hence their success is temporary. They forget that success through unfair means does not give them peace & real satisfaction. Even if they are successful, they suffer for their missed today or tomorrow. Therefore we should be honest & teach our children to be truthful in works, words and behavior. 






3) CUT YOUR COAT ACCORDING TO YOUR CLOTHE::



We earn money for livelihood. There is difference in such earning. Everyone's capacity is not same in this world. Personal earning varies from person to person. Similarly daily expenses are also differs from person to person. We may differentiate among the poor, the middle class and the elite and their living standard. All these people are no longer same in earning & living. Similarly, we purchase clothes to make shirt, pent or coat. It depends on our size of physique or body. Purchasing clothes, cutting and sewing must suit ones body. So to live a happy & peaceful life, it is necessary that we should spend money within l our limits and not beyond it. 





4)  CHARITY BEGINS AT HOME::

Charity is a great virtue and quality. It means giving alms or money or things to someone who is needy and helpless. It is seen that one learns such things at home when his or her parents give others. Helping others is a quality or good work which gives us great satisfaction. One who does charity is naturally an honest man. Such persons just give & gives to their friends, relative and the helpless. Without having the sense of honesty, sacrifice and sincerity, one can't be charitable. However, it is seen that some people in the society who suggest others to help others but themselves do nothing. This is hypocrisy. They like preaching rather than doing. Even if they give, they disclose it a hundred times. So, we should help the needy and teach this to our children. 





5) NO PAIN NO GAIN:::

Human life is full of ups and downs. It's never a comfort zone. Everyday there are challenges to face. Everyone come across more adversaries and less prosperities in life. So it is pertinent to continue with struggle against difficulties. Whether he be a student or a cultivator or other professionals, work or labour is compulsory. Only pain and hard work brings success and prosperity.  There are a number of examples in this world that hard work  brought success and prosperity. On the contrary idle persons fail in life. They can never fulfill their wishes. Even if they try, they leave half done or incomplete. Hence its proved that without pain nothing can be gained in life. 





6) ALL THAT GLITTERS IS NOT GOLD::

There are many valuable metals in this earth. One of them is gold. It's bright and yellow in color. It's very valuable. We see a number of look alike metals in the market. They seem to be gold but in reality they are imitation jewelry. Their outward appearance is bright like gold but they are duplicate. Similarly in our society many people are there  who are supposed to be good and honest. They also look learned, talk gently and even behave honestly. But their good manner just for a while doesn't imply their original personally. So before choosing a person s/he should be observed thoroughly.




7)  FAILURES ARE THE PULLERS OF SUCCESS::

Human life is an admixture of failure and success. If one fails at first attempt s/he becomes successful in the second attempt. This is almost the rule of life on earth. As life is full of troubles and difficulties only patience can lead us towards success. In course of struggle, we may fail repeatedly. In spite of that we need to have patience, perseverance, self reliance and believe in the Almighty. We should remember that all the great things of the world took time. They are the results of prolonged effort and patience. Failures make us learn variety of new lessons, which in turn make us more confident. So it is suggested that never give up even if you fail. Just have patience and  go ahead with new hope, for success takes time. 



### These are some important amplifications generally supposed to be important for school level students. 

  

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• October 21, 2023 0 $type={blogger}

| VOCABULARY OR PAIR WORD OR SIMILAR WORDS DISTINCTION | ENGLISH GRAMMAR.

   October 14, 2023      

VOCABULARY  or Similar word distinction or Pair words means two words which look alike but they have different meaning. 
  


  So far this grammar topic is concerned, there is a long list of such words bearing separate meaning. 

Readers very often get confused seeing such pair words and unless dictionary is seen, meanings are not clear. 
   

 Let us have a look at such important words as per Alphabetical order which are very important for 

school and college students.



        A

Access: (entry)- He has an easy access to the minister.

Excess:( More than required)- I have not any excess money.


Adopt:(Take legally)- We have finally adopted a child.

Adapt:( get adjusted)- My son has adapted with the present situation.


Affect:( have an effect )-The flood affected people are helpless.

Effect:(Have an after effect)- I consulted the side effect of this medicine.


Advice:(noun- giving advice)- I met my grandmother seeking advice.

Advise:(verb- to give advice)- They advised me to read hard.


Amiable (gentle) - He is an amiable person

Amicable: ( peaceful) - They came to an amicable solution to the problem.


Alter (change) - I cannot alter the plan.

Altar (offering place) - He offered flower at the alter.



B


Buy (to purchase) - He bought a car yesterday.

Bye (farewell) - He bade me bye.


Bid (to give) - I bade him farewell.

Beat ( Punish) - The teacher beats him daily.


Berth ( seat) - He got his berth reserved in the train.

Birth ( born)- I visited my birth place.



C


Childish ( older behaving like child) - Nobody likes your childish manner.

Childlike(very gentle) - I am impressed by his childlike manner.



D


Due ( fixed )- WE have to follow due process.

Dew ( water drops) - I like dew drops.


Dare ( brave)- He dares facing a tiger.

Dear( close) - He is my dear friend.

Dire ( serious) - You have to face dire consequences. 



E


Eligible (fit)- you are eligible for the post.

Illegible (not clear) - His handwriting is not illegible.


Elicit - (to  get) -His good manners elicit praise from everyone.

Illicit ( illegal)- He sells illicit lacquer.


 Economic (financial)- His economic condition is not good.

Economical (careful in expenses) - Being himself economical, he saves some money.


Eminent (famous) - He is an eminent educationist.

Imminent (likely to happen) - He guessed about this imminent disaster.


F

Fair (beautiful) - She is a fair girl.

Fare (fare of bus/rickshaw) - Bus fare has increased.

Fear ( terror) - I fear lions.
 

Fit (eligible) - He is fit for the job.

Feet (lowermost part) - There is a lake at the feet of the hill.

Feat (skillfulness0 -The magician shows his feat.



Farther (Far) -I can not go farther than you.

Further (more) - He has made further progress.


G


Goal (Aim) : My goal is different.

Gaol (Jail) : He was put in gaol.



H


Hard (tough) :Iron is hard.

Herd (group) : I saw a herd of sheep.

Hardly (somehow): He hardly passed the  examination.


Honorary (temporary) : He is an honorary Secretary.\
 
Honourable (respected) : Mr. Das is an      honorable person. 



Human( person) : They are good human beings. 

Himane(kind) : Ashoka was a humane ruler.



I



Idle(workless) : An idle brain is valueless.

Ideal(having principles) :: He is an ideal man. 



Industrial(industry) : Durgapur is an industrial town.
 
Industrious(hard working) : Anuj is very industrious . 


J



Jealous: He is jealous of my success. 

Zealous (enthusiastic) : She is a zealous learner. 


L


Late( being late) : you are late today.

.Lately(recently) : The CM came here lately. 


Lose (to lose) : I lost Pan card. 

Loose : This shirt is very loose. 



M


Memorial( a place) : I visited Victoria Memorial.

Memorable: 15th August is a memorable day. 



Moral: His moral character is good. 

Morale : He has high moral in life. 


O


Old : This is an old furniture. 

Ancient (old): This ancient name is forgotten. 



P


Physics (science) : He knows physics. 

Phusique(health ) : He has a strong physique. 


Popular (famous) : He is very popular. 

Populous (full of people) : This city is populous. 



Pray: I offer prayers. 

Prey: Eagle is a bird of prey. 



Principal(main) : He is the Principal of this school. 

Principle: Mr. Sarma is a man of principles. 



Q


Quiet (silent) : Let me go to a quiet place.
 
Quite(complete) : I am quite well. 



R


Right: This is right. 

Rite: we follow funeral rites. 



Route : This is the only route to Goa.

Root (main): This is the root cause of poverty.



S


Short : This pencil is short.

Shortly( indicates future): They will arrive shortly.



Seize Police seized the thief.

Cease (stop): At last rain has ceased.


Sit: Please sit beside me.

Seat : I have occupied a few seats.


Sole (main) : This is my sole purpose.

Soul : Every living thing has a soul.



Stationary (fixed): The Sun is stationary.

Stationery : He has a stationery shop.



Storey: This is a five storey building.

Story (tale): He told me a story.



V


Vain (usekess): All his efforts are in vain.

Vein (Nerve): Blood circulates through veins.


W


Wander: This is a wandering star.

Wonder (surprise): I wondered at the flower. 



Weak; The patient is very weak.

Week: This is a weekly newspaper.



Wright (maker): I am a playwright.

Rite (customs): We perform death rites.





EXERCISE FOR PRACTICE :::





1)I have an _____to the ministers colony (access/excess).


2)The couple_____ a baby(adopt/adapt)


3) My warning has no _____on him (affect/effect).


4) We wan our parents_____(advice/advise).


5) Nobody can _____the plan (alter/altar).


6) Both the parties came to an ______solution (amiable/amicable).


7) Please ____with us (bear/bare).


8) This is a water _____disease(borne/born)


9) Please sit ____ me (beside/besides).


10) He got his ______reserved in the train .(berth/birth)


11) This bag is made of _____clothe(canvas/canvass).


12) Which ____do you belong to ? (caste/cast)


13) I _____all the copies(check/cheque)


14) No one likes your ______manner (childish/ childlike)


15)  This _____ is reserved for stadium.(site/cite)


16) _______punishment is prohibited these days (corporal/corporeal)


17) He put on _____ cloth(coarse/course)


18) Sarma is a member of  the ______(council/counsel).


19) The Hindus follow different_____(custom/costume).


20) The ______ left no Will while dying. (decease/disease).


21) Do you use hair______(dye/die)


22) Who ______America ? (discover/ invent)


23) Your handwriting is not ______(eligible/illegible)


24) Do you know any ______speaker (imminent/eminent).


25) Pay your bus ____(fair/fare).


26) I am _____in my decision (firm/farm).


27) Are you interested in _____ studies? (farther/further)


28) The dull student ______passed (hard/hardly).


29) Dr. Barua is an _______Secretary of the organization (honorary/ honorable).


30)  Bishakhapatnam is an ______ area. (industrial/industrious)


31) Raju is a _____ reader (jealous/ zealous)


32) He is a man of high______(moral/morale)


33) India is a ______country(popular/populous)


34) Eagle is a bird of _____ (pray/prey).


35) _____ the book on the table (put/keep).




ANSWERS:

1)  access                   2)   adopt                     3) effect                


        4)   advice          5)  alter                          6)  amicable   
     

         7)   bear                         8)     borne                  9)  beside  


        10)     berth                    11)    canvas                    12)    caste   


           13)    check                    14) childish                  15) site


                16) corporal                17) coarse                 18)  council        


                    19)  custom      20) decease..               21)  dye  

     
                         22)  discover        23)  illegible     24) eminent        


                   25) fare                26)  firm                27) farther  

          
                   28) hardly               29)  honorary                 30)  industrial   
 
                    
                 31)  zealous            32) morale               33)   populous 

      
                      34)  prey               35)  keep.








  

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• October 14, 2023 0 $type={blogger}

AUXILIARY VERBS

   October 13, 2023      


There are 24 auxiliary verbs.. These verbs are also called Defective vebrs. The other name of these verbs are ANOMALOUS FINITES. 


They are as follows.:: 

Am, is are, was, were, have, has, had, do, did,

 does, shall, will, should, would, can, could, may,

might, must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 



These auxiliary verbs are divided into two 

viz- Primary Auxiliary & Modal auxiliary. 



Primary auxiliary are 13 in number whereas

 Modal auxiliary are 24 in number.


.....These auxiliary verbs are highly essential for
 
school level  students. They must learn these

 verbs and how to use them. 




..... HOW TO USE AUXILIARY VERBS::



A)  PRIMARY AUXILIARY: Primary auxiliary verbs are easy to use .we use them in day to day life.

B) MODAL AUXILIARY:-

USAGE OF MODAL AUXILIARY ARE AS FOLLOWS --


1) SHALL: used to indicate --future, threat, command, promise, determination etc. 


  EXAMPLE: I shall go there. 
               

                       You shall be punished. 
               
                         We shall be there. 


2) SHOULD::used to show.. Probability, obligation, duty, politeness etc. 

 
  EXAMPLE:: The patient should get well soon. 
               
                          You should not have gone there. 
           
                          We should love our children. 
       

         

3) WILL::  future, willingness, promise, threat. determination etc

   EXAMPLE:: They will come tomorrow
        
                         I will visit the spot. 
        
                         We will take all possible steps. 
    
                          He will take revenge. 
   
                            I will secure 100% marks. 



4) WOULD::  willingness, politeness, conditions. 

    

EXAMPLE:: He would go to Kolkata. 
       
                     Would you please help me
     
                      Had he been well, he would have come. 


5) CAN::::  ability, permission, politeness. 


      EXAMPLE:: Raju could not succeed. 
                  
                           You can go there. 
            
                           Could you please help me.? 



6) COULD:: ability, politeness. 

    
 EXAMPLE:: I could not meet him
         
                       Could you please help me.? 



7) MAY::: willingness, purpose, possibility. 


    
 EXAMPLE::  I may go there. 
            
                     we eat that we may live. 
          
                          It may rain today. 
        


8) MIGHT:: request, future, unfulfilled conditions. 



EXAMPLE:: Might I go now.? 
           
                     The patient might recover. 
        
                      He might have won, if he played seriously. 



9) MUST::  compulsion, obligation, certainty, determination. 


EXAMPLE:: He must go now. 
            
                    You must speak the truth. 
       
                      They must come here. 
      
                     I must try to succeed. 



10) OUGHT:: duty, obligation. 

 

 EXAMPLE:: we ought to love our country. 
             
                      You ought to go there. 



11) NEED::  As regular verb, as auxiliary.  

  
  EXAMPLE::  I need your help. 
        
                        You need not go there. 



12) DARE. ::  I dare work hard. 
                  
                        You dare not do it. 


13) OUGHT TO::  past habit.. 
  
  EXAMPLE:: We used to go for morning walk. 



( Regular practice both in spoken English & writing English may help in understanding these Auxiliary verbs better) 


  

  

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• October 13, 2023 0 $type={blogger}

A Thing of Beauty Class 12 MCQ, Question Answers & RTC | Flamingo

   August 11, 2022      

 

A THING OF BEAUTY - 

                                                                                    --JOHN KEATS


ABOUT THE POET  ----- JOHN KEATS : 


    John Keats was an English  Romantic Poet. He was born in 31 October 1795 in London, UK. Keats was called an English of the second generation. The exact location where he was born is called Moorgate.  His parents were Thomas and Frances Keats. Keats was the eldest of the four sons of his parents. At the age of eight Keats lost his father. Again at the age of fourteen he lost his mother. Initially he was trained as a surgeon, but he devoted his life to poetry.  This poem is an excerpt from his poem 'Endymion' and is based on a Greek Legend.


    Keats is known a reputed poet since he composed some great poems like - On First looking into Chapman's Homer, Ode to the Grecian Urn, Ode to the Nightingale, Ode to Melancholy, The Eve of St. Agnes, La Belle Dame Sans Merci. In this poem the poet raises question whether beautiful things are worthless or not.


ABOUT THE POEM :

    

    'A Thing of Beauty' is known as an extraction from his poem "Endymion'. Here, the poet highlights that a thing of beauty is a perennial source of joy. Every person in this earth feels happiness when sees beautiful scenery, landscape and such other things. When one feels disappointed, beautiful sight may be a source of joy for him. He or she may feel relaxed. The poet says that beautiful objects of nature never makes anyone unhappy. Apart from such things, the necessity of The Sun, Moon, trees, streams, flowers etc are perennial source of happiness.  


A THING OF BEAUTY -Text


A thing of beauty is a joy forever

Its loveliness increases, it will never

Pass into nothingness, but will keep

A bower quiet for us, and a sleep

Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing

Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing,

A flowery band to bind us to the earth.

Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth

Of noble nature, of the gloomy days,

Of all the unhealthy and o'er darkened ways

Made for our searching: yes, in spite of all,

Some shape of beauty moves away the pall.

From our dark spirits, Such the Sun, the Moon,

Trees old, and young, sprouting a shady boon

For simple sheep and such are daffodils

with he green world they live in and clear rills

That for themselves a cooling covert make

'Gainst the got season: the mid forest brake

Rich with sprinkling of fair musk-rose blooms;

And such too is the grandeur of the dooms

We have imagined for the mighty dead;

All lovely tales that we have heard or read;

An endless fountain of immortal drink,

Pouring unto us from the heaven's brink.


DIFFICULT WORDS AND MEANINGS:

Bower: a pleasant place under the shade of tree.

Morrow : morning

Wreathing : weaving into a wreath.

Spite : Malice

Despondence : disappointment.

Dearth : lack or scant of.

Pall : covering

covert :shelter of bushes.

Rills : stream.

Boon : blessing

Brake : thicket 

Grandeur: magnificence

Brink : corner.


TEXTUAL QUESTION ANSWER :


THINK IT OUT

 

 1. List the things of beauty mentioned in the poem.

Answer:

    In the poem the poet has mentioned various things of beauty. They are constant source of joy and inspiration. Among them the Sun, the Moon, trees and plants are important. Besides these, daffodil flowers, clear rills, the brakes with blooming rose are also remarkable.



2. List the things that cause suffering and pain.

Answer:

    The things which cause human suffering and pain are day to day disappointments, lack of noble qualities among beings, unhealthy and evil ways of living, sad spirits due to various factors and above all, lack of humanity.



3.What does the line 'Therefore are we wreathing a flowery band to bind us to earth suggest to you ?

Answer:

    The things of beauty makes our lives happier. Hence we feel attracted to such things of joy and constant inspiration. 

    As far as the above line is concerned it suggests that man has an emotional attachment with beauty. The things of beauty, indeed bind us with the nature and the earth as well. Gradually we develop  noble and close relation with the nature.it seems that we make flowery band to keep us bound with the earth..



4. What makes human beings love life in spite of troubles and sufferings ?

Answer:

    Yes, in spite of common troubles and sufferings human beings love life; for life is a unique gift to us. The healing touch of nature gives us remedy to all our troubles and anxieties. Moreover, nature's beautiful things remove the pall of sadness from our dark spirits and enlighten us to the core.



5. Why is grandeur associated with the 'mighty dead' ?

Answer:

    The mighty dead, as mentioned by the poet, performed heroic deeds and died bravely. They were none other than great leaders, soldiers, great kings of the past.

    However the word 'grandeur' is associated with them as they performed extraordinary deeds. Their works captivates our eyes even after a long time.



6. Do we experience things of beauty only for short moments or do they make a lasting impression on us ?

Answer:

    The things of beauty, undoubtedly, makes a lasting impact on us. They are, indeed, a source of inspiration for while we are in gloomy mood. Besides their loveliness always increases. Also their significance passes into nothingness. That is to say, they are the perennial source of joy and inspiration throughout our lives.


7. What i

mage does the poet use to describe the beautiful bounty of the earth?

Answer:

    The poet has used the image of endless fountain of immortal drink to describe the beautiful bounty of the earth. It is, however, like an overflowing fountain. It constantly flows from the edge of the heaven to our heart directly. Thus, we are blessed by the nature to a great extent.


EXTRA QUESTION  - ANSWERS:


1. What is bower ?

Answer

    A bower is  beautiful place under the shade of a tree.



2. Why is a thing of beauty a joy forever ?

Answer:

    As the beauty of such thing increases and never passes into nothingness, so a thing of beauty is a joy forever. 


3. What removes the pall from our dark spirits ?

Answer:

    The things of beauty which are found amidst nature, removes the pall from our dark spirits.


4. What weaves the flowery band ?

Answer:

    The fascinating things of nature like the Sun, the Moon, hills and streams, plants and flowers etc weave the flowery band on earth.


5. How has the poet presented 'Daffodils' in the poem ?

Answer:

    In the poem it is said that daffodils bloom among the green surrounding. They are found by the side of river, stream etc where they make a cooling shelter against the hot season.


6. What is meant by the 'mighty dead'?

Answer:

    The mighty dead means the people of power, name and fame, who once lived wealthy and sophisticated life in this earth.


7. What does the expression ‘pass into nothingness’ mean?

Answer: It means that the value and joy derived from a beautiful thing never fade away or disappear. Instead, its loveliness continuously increases with time, leaving a permanent, positive impression on our minds.


8. What is the ‘immortal drink’ and where does it come from? 

Answer: The ‘immortal drink’ refers to the endless bounty of beautiful things provided to us by nature. The poet envisions this beauty as a divine elixir continuously poured down to humanity from the edge of heaven.


9. How does human life get affected by 'the inhuman dearth of noble natures'? 

Answer: The lack of noble and selfless qualities in people makes our world gloomy and full of disappointment. It leads to unhealthy, dark ways of living and causes deep mental suffering and pain to human beings.


10. What kind of a sleep does a thing of beauty provide for us?

Answer: A thing of beauty provides us with a peaceful and serene sleep that is full of sweet dreams, sound health, and quiet, relaxed breathing. It acts as a soothing balm for our restless minds.


11. Who are the 'mighty dead' and why do we feel grandeur for them?

Answer: The 'mighty dead' are our great ancestors, warriors, and heroes who performed noble deeds. We associate 'grandeur' with them because their inspiring stories and magnificent sacrifices continue to motivate us.


12. Explain: ‘Some shape of beauty moves away the pall / From our dark spirits.’ 

Answer: This line means that whenever we are overwhelmed by sadness and disappointment, an encounter with nature's beauty acts as a healing force. It lifts the heavy shroud of gloom (the pall) from our troubled minds.


RTC- 1

"A thing of beauty is a joy forever Its loveliness increases, it will never Pass into nothingness;..."

Q1. Why is a thing of beauty is a joy forever?

Answer:  A thing of beauty is a joy forever because its charm and loveliness never diminish. Instead, it leaves a permanent, positive imprint on our minds and continues to give us happiness every time we remember it.


Q2. What does the phrase 'pass into nothingness' mean?

Answer: It means to fade away or be completely forgotten. The poet uses it to emphasize that the joy derived from beautiful things never expires or becomes worthless with time.



RTC- 2

"Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing A flowery band to bind us to the earth, Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth Of noble natures..."

Q1. Why do we need a 'flowery band' to bind us to the earth?

Answer: We need it because human life is full of struggles, disappointments, and sadness. This beautiful "flowery band" represents our daily connection to nature's beauty, which gives us a reason to keep living.



Q2. What does the poet mean by 'the inhuman dearth of noble natures'?

Answer: It refers to the cruel lack of good, selfless, and kind-hearted people in the world, which makes society full of malice, gloom, and negativity.


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• August 11, 2022 0 $type={blogger}
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